Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway
I have attached the instructions and my draft. CANNOT USE CHAT-GPT (AUTOMATIC FAIL). I need to have the DRAFT EDITED and the theme MUST stay the same ---This essay argues that in the passage from The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is shown through the element of shadow story and by representing the symptom of hyperarousal.
I also need a conclusion to the essay. The essay is ENTIRELY based on the passage (as attached) and as here:
“I turned off the light and tried to go to sleep. It was not necessary to read any more. I could shut my eyes without getting the wheeling sensation. But I could not sleep. There is no reason why because it is dark you should look at things differently from when it is light. The hell there isn’t! I figured that all out once, and for six months I never slept with the electric light off. That was another bright idea. To hell with women, anyway. To hell with you, Brett Ashley. Women made such swell friends. Awfully swell. In the first place, you had to be in love with a woman to have a basis of friendship. I had been having Brett for a friend. I had not been thinking about her side of it. I had been getting something for nothing. That only delayed the presentation of the bill. The bill always came. That was one of the swell things you could count on. I thought I had paid for everything. Not like the woman pays and pays and pays. No idea of retribution or punishment. Just exchange of values. You gave up something and got something else. Or you worked for something. You paid some way for everything that was any good. I paid my way into enough things that I liked, so that I had a good time. Either you paid by learning about them, or by experience, or by taking chances, or by money” (chapter XIV, 152-153).
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in The Sun Also Rises
Introduction
Ernest Hemingway, a literary luminary of his era, distinguished himself through his wartime experiences, including his role as an ambulance driver during World War I. "The Sun Also Rises," authored after his WWI service, marked a significant milestone in his career. Chapter XIV of this novel captures a profound monologue by the protagonist, Jake, in an inebriated state following an encounter with Brett, a woman he loves but cannot be with due to a wartime injury rendering him impotent. Hemingway, an advocate of the iceberg theory of prose, purposefully leaves the characters' pasts in mystery. However, the narrative subtly unveils aspects of their lives through the shadow story. In the passage 'The Sun Also Rises' by Ernest Hemingway, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is shown through the use of the shadow story element and the portrayal of hyper-arousal symptoms.
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Hyper-arousal Symptoms
The author skillfully uses stylistic language in the passage to depict the protagonist's hyperarousal symptoms. By stating that Jake could not "shut his eyes without getting the wheeling sensation," the author masterfully conveys the racing and intrusive thoughts that haunt Jake when he attempts to sleep. This choice of phrasing effectively captures the essence of hyperarousal, where individuals experience heightened alertness, preventing them from achieving restful sleep. The author's decision to employ "wheeling sensation" paints a vivid mental image of thoughts spiraling uncontrollably, providing readers with an immersive understanding of Jake's emotional state. The author's use of such a phrase intends to immerse readers in the protagonist's psychological turmoil, making it evident how his wartime trauma continues to affect his daily life.
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