Manifestation of PTSD in “The Sun Also Rises” by Ernest Hemingway
I have attached the instructions and my draft. CANNOT USE CHAT-GPT (AUTOMATIC FAIL). I need to have the DRAFT EDITED and the theme MUST stay the same ---This essay argues that in the passage from The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is shown through the element of shadow story and by representing the symptom of hyperarousal.
I also need a conclusion to the essay. The essay is ENTIRELY based on the passage (as attached) and as here:
“I turned off the light and tried to go to sleep. It was not necessary to read any more. I could shut my eyes without getting the wheeling sensation. But I could not sleep. There is no reason why because it is dark you should look at things differently from when it is light. The hell there isn’t! I figured that all out once, and for six months I never slept with the electric light off. That was another bright idea. To hell with women, anyway. To hell with you, Brett Ashley. Women made such swell friends. Awfully swell. In the first place, you had to be in love with a woman to have a basis of friendship. I had been having Brett for a friend. I had not been thinking about her side of it. I had been getting something for nothing. That only delayed the presentation of the bill. The bill always came. That was one of the swell things you could count on. I thought I had paid for everything. Not like the woman pays and pays and pays. No idea of retribution or punishment. Just exchange of values. You gave up something and got something else. Or you worked for something. You paid some way for everything that was any good. I paid my way into enough things that I liked, so that I had a good time. Either you paid by learning about them, or by experience, or by taking chances, or by money” (chapter XIV, 152-153).
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The Manifestation of PTSD in “The Sun Also Rises” by Ernest Hemingway
Ernest Hemingway was one of the most well-known authors of his time. He served in many wars to warrant his experience in understanding various mental health conditions including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). During WWI, for instance, he was an ambulance driver. “The Sun Also Rises” is one of Hemingway’s first novels in which he showcased his experiences during his service during WWI. This passage opens chapter XIV of the novel and displays one of the protagonist’s rants with himself before he goes to bed. The passage is set at when Jake is drunk and after a meeting with Brett who he loves but is unable to have a relationship with because of an injury that left him impotent during his service. This essay argues that in passage XIV from “The Sun Also Rises” by Ernest Hemingway, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is shown through the element of shadow story and through representing the symptom of hyperarousal.
The readers can deduce some aspects of the character’s life through the element of shadow story. Ernest Hemingway was a fan of the iceberg theory of prose considering how he does not tell the readers much about the characters' past lives. However, insightful readers can still outline the author’s intentions. In the paragraph, for example, Jake admits that “for six months, [he] was not able to sleep with the electric light off” (Chapter XIV, 152-153). While he does not directly state that this is because of trauma, the reader can deduce that he has to keep “the electric light” on when he sleeps because of a traumatic experience endured while he was serving in the war. The traumatic experiences are the reason for his PTSD. Later in the passage, Jake refers to having to pay for something. He says, “The bill always came…” The phrase can loosely translate into the understanding that there are...