The Absence of Rapid Eye Movements during Sleep

The Absence of Rapid Eye Movements during Sleep 
File 1: 5 Take Aways
* The absence of rapid eye movements during sleep is associated with increased vagal activity, reduced metabolic turnover, and a decrease in cardiac output, heart rate, and systemic vascular resistance (Brenner et al. 2008).
* There is a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea (CSA) in patients with systolic heart failure. OSA has a prevalence of about 35%, while CSA has a prevalence of between 35% and 60% in such patients.
* In patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), there is a high prevalence of coronary disease due to the potential acceleration of atherosclerosis.
* Adaptive pressure support servo-ventilation can offer more significant potential in CSA therapy than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. 
* In SDB diagnosis and therapy, an interdisciplinary approach comprising pulmonologists, cardiologists, and general practitioners can be effective due to its complexity. 
File 2: Five Take Aways
* The remedē System under study delivers therapy automatically, without requiring a manual activation by the patient (Costanzo et al., 2021).
* There is no single therapy presently capable of completely eliminating SDBs.
* In the long-term, TPNS results in improved CSA, daytime sleepiness, and sleep architecture.
* The reduction in central apneas by TPNS matches the effectiveness of CPAP, although, with the former, the automaticity ensures independence of the adherence by the patients.
* TPNS does not show any indication of increased...