Write an academy poster based on the case study of the patient with dementia. All references should be within 10years

Understanding and Managing Dementia: A Case Study of Andrew Name of Student Course Name of Professor University Date Understanding and Managing Dementia: A Case Study of Andrew Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, is a progressive neurological disease characterized by memory impairment, a decline in other cognitive functions, and alteration in behavior. It is estimated that Alzheimer’s disease is prevalent in about 6 percent of people above the age of 65 (Rajan et al., 2021). This essay describes the case of 78-year-old Andrew, diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, describing its symptoms and pathophysiological processes and utilizing the evidence-based nursing intervention for this case. Furthermore, the essay analyses the necessity of integrated care for Andrew when addressing his needs. It also critiques a research paper on music therapy and its effectiveness in treating dementia without medication. Key Symptoms and Pathophysiology In the case of Andrew, some of the potential signs of dementia that are manifested are short-term memory loss, lack of ability to execute tasks that were once familiar, confusion, mood swings, purposeless actions, fear, and anxiety. These symptoms are mainly due to neurodegenerative changes specific to Alzheimer’s disease. In Alzheimer’s disease, protein buildups called amyloid plaques and tau tangles form in the brain. These deposits disrupt the nerve impulses and eventually kill the neurons (Abeysinghe et al.,2020). Neural damage and loss, therefore, cause massive atrophy in those outlets of the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and other areas of the brain. The hippocampus is a major center for learning and memory, and the frontal cerebral cortex is involved in higher education and control of behavior. In such instances, if these areas are inflamed, such as in Andrew’s case, it becomes challenging to memorize new information, and thinking slows down. Interrupting these neural connections also enables these changes in mood, behavior, and anxiety (Kosel et al.,2020). Such pathological changes are described in the literature. For instance, Agüera-Ortiz et al., (2022) noted that amyloid plaques and tau tangles are implicated in the degenerative process affecting the brain barrier and function. In that case, the presence of such symptoms in Andrew implies the fact that Alzheimer’s disease is severely complex and always follows this pattern. Therefore, more should be known about these pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease that cause such symptoms so that interventions that can help the Alzheimer’s affected can be put in place. Evidence-Based Nursing Intervention: Music Therapy An established method of therapy recognized in the practice of nursing is music therapy, which brings about positive results for patients with dementia by reducing their symptoms of anxiety and agitation. Nurses can apply music therapy in interventions using special techniques and strategies to improve the quality of life of people with dementia (Sousa et al., 2020). Music therapy includes overt, structured musical activities a therapist conducts to stimulate and entertain the patient appropriately. According to Sousa et al. (2020), before using music therapy, the nurses should consider the patient’s likes and dislikes of different types of music because the patient chooses compelling music. Possible activities for Andrew may involve listening to several songs, singing the songs, and even playing simple musical instruments. The purpose is to familiarize him, significantly contributing to decreased anxiety and agitation with an increased focus on cognitive function. Research evidence shows that it is helpful to use musical therapy in dementia patients. A Dahms et al. (2021) meta-analysis reviewed 42 interventional clinical trials. They determined that verbal fluency, anxiety, depression, and apathy in dementia patients were improved through the administration of music therapy. The review noted that the effects of the treatment for cognition and functional outcomes were modest, but a significant decrease in BPSD was observed (Dahms et al.,.2021). Therefore, in the case of Andrew, the nursing staff can implement music therapy as part of the routines. They can help initiate these, observe Andrew’s reactions, and modify the process to enhance effectiveness. For example, if Andrew is irrit...