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Review of Literature (Assignment - Essay)
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Hi Team, I am a nurse and could you pls work with below assignment . I will attach 15 articles on separate email. My Subject for Research: Anxiety of preoperative Cardiac surgery Patients FYI - PICOT question In adult patients age above 50 (P) in inpatient settings, using pharmacological (I) or non pharmacological measures (C), more effective in reducing anxiety (O) prier to cardiac surgery? (T) Assignment Details: Review of the Literature Write a paper (1,370-1,800 words) in which you analyze and appraise each of the (15) articles identified in Topic 1. Pay particular attention to evidence that supports the problem, issue, or deficit, and your proposed solution. Hint: The Topic 2 Readings provide appraisal questions that will assist you to efficiently and effectively analyze each article. Refer to "Sample Format for Review of Literature," and "Topic 2: Checklist." Prepare this assignment according to the APA (6th edition) guidelines. An abstract is not required. Thanks Saji
My Subject for Research: Anxiety of preoperative Cardiac surgery Patients
FYI - PICOT question
In adult patients age above 50 (P) in inpatient settings, using pharmacological (I) or non pharmacological measures (C), more effective in reducing anxiety (O) prier to cardiac surgery? (T)
Assignment Details: Review of the Literature
Write a paper (1,370-1,800 words) in which you analyze and appraise each of the (15) articles identified in Topic 1. Pay particular attention to evidence that supports the problem, issue, or deficit, and your proposed solution.
Hint: The Topic 2 Readings provide appraisal questions that will assist you to efficiently and effectively analyze each article.
Refer to "Sample Format for Review of Literature," and "Topic 2: Checklist."
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines. An abstract is not required.
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Essay
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Date:
Review of Literature
Gallagher, R., & McKinley, S. (2009). Anxiety, Depression and Perceived Control in Patients having Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65 (11), 2386–2396.
This article aims at finding out the course of anxiety, depression, and control of perceptions and the influence the control of perceptions has on patients undergoing bypass grafts of the coronary artery before, after surgery at the hospital, and 2 weeks after being discharged. A descriptive design that is prospective in nature was used for the study using a convenient sample of patients with the condition requiring surgery (n = 155). The Hospital’s Anxiety and Depression Scale and Control Attitudes Scale were used to measure anxiety and depression and perceptions of control over the illness respectively before and after surgery (during hospital stay) and 2 weeks after discharge.
The limitations were the use of a convenience sample and loss of participants for subsequent interviews. Moreover, designs involving anxiety, depression and control concurrently do not imply casualty due the likelihood hood of bidirectional effects. The patients at each point had low anxiety levels with borderline or clinically significant levels before surgery (38/-E7%) and after discharge (38/-E6%). Depression was relatively low, but increased overtime (F = 25/E-51, P < 0/-E001). Individuals having strong control perceptions had less anxiety or depression and those exhibiting anxieties before surgery exhibited the same after surgery. This assessment is necessary inorder to identify the patients at risk and promote control of perceptions.
McHugh, F., Lindsay, G. M., & Hanlon, P., et al. (2001). A Nurse Led Shared Care for Patients on the Waiting List for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Heart, 86, 317-323.
The article is for a study that aims at determining whether a nurse-led, shared care for patients with CABG on a waiting reduces the risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), depression, and anxiety. The study utilized a random, unblinded controlled trial that had a follow-up 1 week before surgery. The analysis used 121 (81%) patients that were on an elective CABG waiting list with 76% of these being male and the population having a mean age of 62 years.
The results revealed that nurse-led care reduced anxiety and depression (P < 0.01 for both). The study had one major limitation where observers of key outcome measures had the knowledge of the study group assignments and were involved in intervention. However, the results suggest intervention by a nurse liaison is effective to reduce risk factors in high-risk patients.
Mikosch, P., Hadrawa, T., Laubreiter, K., Brandl, J., Pilz, J., Stettner, H., et al. (2010). Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66 (5 ), 1101–1110.
This article presents a report of a study conducted to evaluate the psychological assistance’ value including respiratory-sinus arrhythmia biofeedback training in reducing anxiety levels for patients undergoing coronary angiography. The study utilized a random sampling approach for patients undergoing routine elective coronary angiography. The random sample was divided into two that is psychological support group (n = 106) and a control group (n = 106) with the anxiety state measured on a scale of 20-80 a day before and after the angiography.
Before angiography, the anxiety levels were 54/-E8 ± 11/-E5 in the control group and 54/-E8 ± 12/E-6 in the psychological support group. After angiography in the control and psychological support group were 47/-E9 ± 18/E-5 and 28/E-3 ± 12/E-5 respectively. Therefore, psychological support and respiratory-sinus-arrhythmia biofeedback is an effective tool for controlling state-anxiety including emotional stress for patients undergoing coronary angiography.
Ai, A. L., Wink, P., & Shearer, M. (2012). Fatigue of Survivors following Cardiac Surgery: Positive Influences of Preoperative Prayer Coping. British Journal of Health Psychology, 17, 724–742.
The study in the article aims at finding out the effectiveness of the use of prayer as a preoperative factor for coping, on long-term symptoms of fatigue that occur post operation as an aspect of lack of vitality among middle-aged and older survivors of cardiac surgery. The study utilized demographic and faith factors and previously collected data on comorbidities through two postoperative interviews and information from the National Society of Thoracic Surgeons database. The participants had to have completed a mailed survey 30 months after surgery with two hierarchical regressions done to determine the extent to which religious factors determined mental and physical fatigue. The results revealed that only preoperative prayer coping predicted less mental fatigue. Therefore, prayer coping has independent and positive influences on less fatigue for individuals who survived cardiac surgery.
Detroyer, E., Dobbels, F., Verfaillie, E., Meyfroidt, G., Sergeant, P., & Milisen, K. (2008). Is Preoperative Anxiety and Depression Associated with Onset of Delirium After Cardiac Surgery in Older Patients? A Prospective Cohort Study. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 56 (12), 2278–2284.
The study here is investigating the prevalence of postoperative anxiety and depressive symptoms including their relationship with the occurrence of post-cardiac delirium and describes the evolution of such symptoms from postoperative admission to discharge. The study utilized a descriptive, prospective, and longitudinal study design. One hundred and four patients admitted for elective cardiac surgery with a median age of 71 and 78.8% being men were used as the sample. The STAI measured anxiety, and the results revealed that postoperative anxiety occurred in 55.8% of patients and 35.7% at discharge. Despite the high prevalence of anxiety post operation, there was no association with postoperative delirium.
Towell, A., & Nel, E. (2010). Pre-Operative Education Programme for Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Africa journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 12 (1), 3-14.
The research here is for determining the benefits of the post-operative educational program and describes and explores the experience of CABG patients in such programs. A qualitative and explorative research design that was descriptive and contextual research was used with a purposive sampling technique that provided 8 participants. Audio taped interviews were used for data collection that were later described with the qualitative data revealing that the patients positively experienced the program and empowered them to take control of anxious situations. Therefore, the programs are effective in treating anxiety. However, the study had a few limitations that are it did not include patients who underwent an "off-pump" CABG, the contextual nature of the study does not allow generalization, and there was no description the family’s experience.
Goodman, H. (2009). Patient Education Around Cardiac Surgery. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing, 4 (10), 483-488.
This article reviews literature on patients requiring cardiac surgery and considers the content and format of education before cardiac surgery and compares literature review on patient’s needs at this time and previous methods. The author acknowledges that there is a need to take a broad approach while educating such patients in order to reduce anxieties. This includes operation details, admission pr...
Name:
Institution:
Date:
Review of Literature
Gallagher, R., & McKinley, S. (2009). Anxiety, Depression and Perceived Control in Patients having Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65 (11), 2386–2396.
This article aims at finding out the course of anxiety, depression, and control of perceptions and the influence the control of perceptions has on patients undergoing bypass grafts of the coronary artery before, after surgery at the hospital, and 2 weeks after being discharged. A descriptive design that is prospective in nature was used for the study using a convenient sample of patients with the condition requiring surgery (n = 155). The Hospital’s Anxiety and Depression Scale and Control Attitudes Scale were used to measure anxiety and depression and perceptions of control over the illness respectively before and after surgery (during hospital stay) and 2 weeks after discharge.
The limitations were the use of a convenience sample and loss of participants for subsequent interviews. Moreover, designs involving anxiety, depression and control concurrently do not imply casualty due the likelihood hood of bidirectional effects. The patients at each point had low anxiety levels with borderline or clinically significant levels before surgery (38/-E7%) and after discharge (38/-E6%). Depression was relatively low, but increased overtime (F = 25/E-51, P < 0/-E001). Individuals having strong control perceptions had less anxiety or depression and those exhibiting anxieties before surgery exhibited the same after surgery. This assessment is necessary inorder to identify the patients at risk and promote control of perceptions.
McHugh, F., Lindsay, G. M., & Hanlon, P., et al. (2001). A Nurse Led Shared Care for Patients on the Waiting List for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Heart, 86, 317-323.
The article is for a study that aims at determining whether a nurse-led, shared care for patients with CABG on a waiting reduces the risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), depression, and anxiety. The study utilized a random, unblinded controlled trial that had a follow-up 1 week before surgery. The analysis used 121 (81%) patients that were on an elective CABG waiting list with 76% of these being male and the population having a mean age of 62 years.
The results revealed that nurse-led care reduced anxiety and depression (P < 0.01 for both). The study had one major limitation where observers of key outcome measures had the knowledge of the study group assignments and were involved in intervention. However, the results suggest intervention by a nurse liaison is effective to reduce risk factors in high-risk patients.
Mikosch, P., Hadrawa, T., Laubreiter, K., Brandl, J., Pilz, J., Stettner, H., et al. (2010). Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66 (5 ), 1101–1110.
This article presents a report of a study conducted to evaluate the psychological assistance’ value including respiratory-sinus arrhythmia biofeedback training in reducing anxiety levels for patients undergoing coronary angiography. The study utilized a random sampling approach for patients undergoing routine elective coronary angiography. The random sample was divided into two that is psychological support group (n = 106) and a control group (n = 106) with the anxiety state measured on a scale of 20-80 a day before and after the angiography.
Before angiography, the anxiety levels were 54/-E8 ± 11/-E5 in the control group and 54/-E8 ± 12/E-6 in the psychological support group. After angiography in the control and psychological support group were 47/-E9 ± 18/E-5 and 28/E-3 ± 12/E-5 respectively. Therefore, psychological support and respiratory-sinus-arrhythmia biofeedback is an effective tool for controlling state-anxiety including emotional stress for patients undergoing coronary angiography.
Ai, A. L., Wink, P., & Shearer, M. (2012). Fatigue of Survivors following Cardiac Surgery: Positive Influences of Preoperative Prayer Coping. British Journal of Health Psychology, 17, 724–742.
The study in the article aims at finding out the effectiveness of the use of prayer as a preoperative factor for coping, on long-term symptoms of fatigue that occur post operation as an aspect of lack of vitality among middle-aged and older survivors of cardiac surgery. The study utilized demographic and faith factors and previously collected data on comorbidities through two postoperative interviews and information from the National Society of Thoracic Surgeons database. The participants had to have completed a mailed survey 30 months after surgery with two hierarchical regressions done to determine the extent to which religious factors determined mental and physical fatigue. The results revealed that only preoperative prayer coping predicted less mental fatigue. Therefore, prayer coping has independent and positive influences on less fatigue for individuals who survived cardiac surgery.
Detroyer, E., Dobbels, F., Verfaillie, E., Meyfroidt, G., Sergeant, P., & Milisen, K. (2008). Is Preoperative Anxiety and Depression Associated with Onset of Delirium After Cardiac Surgery in Older Patients? A Prospective Cohort Study. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 56 (12), 2278–2284.
The study here is investigating the prevalence of postoperative anxiety and depressive symptoms including their relationship with the occurrence of post-cardiac delirium and describes the evolution of such symptoms from postoperative admission to discharge. The study utilized a descriptive, prospective, and longitudinal study design. One hundred and four patients admitted for elective cardiac surgery with a median age of 71 and 78.8% being men were used as the sample. The STAI measured anxiety, and the results revealed that postoperative anxiety occurred in 55.8% of patients and 35.7% at discharge. Despite the high prevalence of anxiety post operation, there was no association with postoperative delirium.
Towell, A., & Nel, E. (2010). Pre-Operative Education Programme for Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Africa journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 12 (1), 3-14.
The research here is for determining the benefits of the post-operative educational program and describes and explores the experience of CABG patients in such programs. A qualitative and explorative research design that was descriptive and contextual research was used with a purposive sampling technique that provided 8 participants. Audio taped interviews were used for data collection that were later described with the qualitative data revealing that the patients positively experienced the program and empowered them to take control of anxious situations. Therefore, the programs are effective in treating anxiety. However, the study had a few limitations that are it did not include patients who underwent an "off-pump" CABG, the contextual nature of the study does not allow generalization, and there was no description the family’s experience.
Goodman, H. (2009). Patient Education Around Cardiac Surgery. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing, 4 (10), 483-488.
This article reviews literature on patients requiring cardiac surgery and considers the content and format of education before cardiac surgery and compares literature review on patient’s needs at this time and previous methods. The author acknowledges that there is a need to take a broad approach while educating such patients in order to reduce anxieties. This includes operation details, admission pr...
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