Comparison of anti-vegf treatment in rop between two neonatal intensive care unit

Comparison of Anti-VEGF Treatment in ROP between Two Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Course Instructor Date Comparison of Anti-VEGF Treatment in ROP between Two Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye condition that is prevalent in preterm babies. It occurs 0when the baby's developing retina's blood vessels fail to grow normally. Consequently, abnormal blood vessels may develop, leading to a scar and a possibility of retinal detachment. The condition is prevalent in low-birth-weight babies and is reported to occur in 21.7% - 51.9% of these infants (Sethi et al., 2023). Early interventions that include timely screening and treatment can help to prevent blindness and minimize visual handicaps. The relationship between the prevalence of this condition and the infant's birth week, treatment time, and retreatment rate necessitates research to confirm the existence of this relationship. Unfortunately, limited studies have been done to assess the contribution of other factors, such as the infant's birth week and the treatment time during the anti-VEGF administration period. Most studies have focused their research on assessing the infants' weight and their predisposition towards developing the condition. An analysis of the relationship between the infant's birth week and their risk of developing treatable ROP will provide essential insights to medical researchers, who continue to seek the key pointers towards prediction and ultimate management of the condition in newborns. Besides, an assessment of their treatment time and retreatment rate will help to determine the effectiveness of the anti-VEGF with birth week. Hypothesis Birth Week * H0: The mean birth week in NICU 1 is equal to the mean birth * H1: The mean birth week in NICU 1 is not equal to the mean birth weight in NICU 2. * H2: The birth week has a significant impact on the rate of ROP progression. Birth Weight * H0: There is no significant difference in the mean birth weight between NICU 1 and NICU 2. * H1: There is a significant difference in the mean birth weight between NICU 1 and NICU 2. * H3: Birth weight has an impact on ROP development and progression. Anti-VEGF Time * H0: The mean anti-VEGF time in NICU 1 is equal to the mean anti-VEGF time in NICU 2. * H1: Mean anti-VEGF time in NICU 1 is not equal to the mean anti-VEGF time in NICU 2. * H4: Anti-VEGF time has an impact on the rate of ROP progression. Methodology The retrospective study was conducted in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of two centers, Kanuni Education and Research Hospital in Trabzon, Turkey (NICU1) and Medical Park Hospital in Trabzon, Turkey (NICU 2). NICU 1 sample featured 39 premature infants who were born between 24 and 32 weeks, with an average birth time of 28 weeks. On the contrary, the NICU 2 sample included eight premature infants between 29 and 34 weeks, with an average birth time of 33 weeks. The inclusion criteria were infants born with a birth weight of less than 1500g and at 32 or fewer weeks of gestation for those in NICU 1 and those with a birth weight of between 1000 g and 2000 g at least 30 weeks or more. The exclusion criteria for the sample were preterm babies who could not undergo an evaluation four weeks after birth, a follow-up procedure undertaken after the infant completes retinal vascularization and those who did not present any features of ROP. The infants were treated with intravitreal 0.625 mg bevacizumab, and their recovery was monitored by a pediatric ophthalmologist using a 20-diopter condensing lens, which offers a 45-degree field of view, roughly eight disc diameters. The dependent variable for the study was ROP requiring treatment and retreatment, whereas the independent variables included the infants’ birth week. The diagram below shows the flow diagram illustrating the enrollment process. center332740Preterm infants who have completed ROP screening examination at the two hospitals (n=47)00Preterm infants who have completed ROP screening examination at the two hospitals (n=47) 419100012255500133286513208000 Inclusion257175219709Infants with 24 – 32 Birth Week and Birth Weight ≤ 1500g.(n = 39)00Infants with 24 – 32 Birth Week and Birth Weight ≤ 1500g.(n = 39)3143250210185Infants with 29 – 34 Birth Week and 1000g ≤ Birth Weight ≤ 2000g(n = 8)00Infants with 29 – 34 Birth Week and 1000g ≤ Birth Weight ≤ 2000g(n = 8)Inclusion 433387519685000118999017780000 ExclusionExclusion 317182510160Infants born before week 29 and after week 34 and those born below 1000g and above 2000g. Those who could not undergo an evaluation four weeks after birth0Infants born before week 29 and after week 34 and those born below 1000g and above 2000g. Those who could not undergo an evaluation four weeks after birth26670010160Infants born at weeks 33 and above and those weighing above 1500g. Those who could not undergo an evaluation four weeks after birth0Infants born at weeks 33 and above and those weighing above 1500g. Those who could not undergo an evaluation four weeks after birth Results Data for infants between 24 and 32 weeks and an average birth time being 28 weeks. patient Birth week Birth weight(gr) Anti-VEGF time(week) 1 26 960 34 2 25 780 33 3 32 1260 38 4 28 1050 37 5 28 980 36 6 31 1060 39 7 29 1050 35 8 30 1300 35 9 29 1240 36 10 25 810 32 11 24 650 31 12 29 ...