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Education
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Essay
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:
Why Are Assumptions and Post-Hoc Tests Needed?
Essay Instructions:
Too often, researchers rely heavily on whether a p value is less than .05 or whether an “r” is close to +/- 1. But both assumptions and post-hoc tests ensure that all factors have been adequately considered.
Develop an original response proposing a scenario where either:
assumptions tests were not properly performed, and the wrong statistical procedure was applied, giving inaccurate results;
or
post-hoc procedures were not applied to contextualize the results and, although the null hypothesis was rejected, power and effect were not considered.
Describe the scenario hypothetically and propose ways you could avoid such situations in your own application of statistics in research in the future.
Essay Sample Content Preview:
Why Are Assumptions and Post-Hoc Tests Needed?
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Why Are Assumptions and Post-Hoc Tests Needed?
A recent study investigated the effect of missed classes on students’ final grades in a local high school. The researchers used a simple random method to recruit participants. They included 80 learners and collected data by determining the number of missed lessons and the final grade for each participant. In this context, their goal was to reject or accept the null hypothesis that there was a statistically significant difference in the final grade between learners with high missed classes and those with minimal missed lessons. A t-test led to calculated p-values lower than the 0.05 critical value. Gerald and Patson (2021) confirm that this parametric test establishes the difference between the two groups’ means. In this context, the researchers rejected the null hypothesis and concluded that a statistically signifi...
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