EFFECT OF NERVES AND MUSCLES: A+P 2

Essay Instructions:

1)While driving to school on slick roads and talking on her cell phone, Rachel lost control of her car. The car left the road and hit a tree. Rachel was not wearing a seat belt and her head slammed into the steering wheel, causing a fractured left mandible as well as nerve damage. Upon examination, Rachel's tongue deviated toward the injured side of her face when she tried to stick out her tongue, and the left side of her tongue was paralyzed. The nerve damage affected which of the muscles of her tongue? 2)Explain the difference between doing chin-ups with the forearm supinated and doing them with it pronated. Explain the action of which muscle predominates in each type of chin-up? Which type is easier? Why?

Essay Sample Content Preview:

EFFECT OF NERVES AND MUSCLES
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Question 1
The damaged nerve after the accident is the hypoglossal nerve that leads to muscles of the tongue which controls the movements of the tongue, food manipulation and swallowing. The hypoglossal motor neurons are activated by corticobulbar pathways which have a bilateral predominance and reach the tongue and innervate the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles. Lesions to the corticobulbar system produce weakness in the contra-lateral tongue (Reeves & Swenson, 2008). Loss of innervations to one side makes the tongue to curve toward the affected side due to unopposed action of the genioglossus muscle and the tongue curves toward the unaffected side if the upper motor neuron is affected. The hypoglossal nerve unilateral damage is produced by traumas that involve the base of the skull causing unilateral supranuclear dysfunctional.
Question2
Pronated and supinated chin-ups are exercises that target the growth of muscles in the upper body. Pronation a...

Updated on January 26, 2024

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