Judicial Branch of Government

The Judicial Branch of Government and Jurisdictional Principles Student’s Name Institution of Affiliation Course Professor Date The Judicial Branch of Government and Jurisdictional Principles The judiciary, as a branch of the US government, regulates and identifies the compliance of the country's policies with the law. It works with a complicated hierarchy of courts, which includes federal and state courts and others that are assigned special tasks. As is characteristic of all functioning courts, these courts are guided by rules regarding jurisdiction, which identifies the power of a court to handle and determine cases. Jurisdiction and justiciability doctrines such as standing to sue are some of the critical factors when trying to comprehend how legal issues are processed in the United States legal system. In the following paper, three fact patterns that involve jurisdiction and standing will be illustrated and analyzed on the basis of real-life case scenarios related to the operation of the judicial branch. Also, it will examine the structure of the federal court system and offer the source of more information on the federal courts and the legislative background of the lower federal courts. Judicial Branch Overview This branch of the U. S. government is assigned the responsibility of managing the justice systems in relation to the legal systems of the country. It is a part of the constitution of the United States of America and is a structure comprising a number of courts, among them being the Supreme Court. The judicial system is an independent structure that controls the executive and the legislative arm of government to ensure a balance of power (Epps, 2021). Federal courts consist of district courts, which are trial courts; circuit courts of appeals, which students final decisions of trial courts; and the supreme court, which deals with constitutional matters and also the meanings of federal laws. Moreover, federal courts can hear cases of federal statutes, constitutional questions, and cases between two states or between a state and a citizen of another state, and so on. The main appellate court, the Supreme Court, and Congress have, under its constitutional mandate, provided for the lower federal courts to handle most of the federal cases so as to enable justice to be done in every part of the country. This structure allows the judicial branch to apply and explain several laws so that the citizens' rights are protected, and the legal system is upheld in the United States of America. Fact Pattern 1: Johnny and David’s Bank Robbery Case Case Summary Johnny, a resident of Atlanta, Georgia, and his friend David were warranted by their hard times and decided to rob a bank in Dalton, Georgia. It progressed to robbery, and they took the hostage to flee to Chattanooga, Tennessee. Later on, they were caught in Nashville city in Tennessee, where they produced the hostage. Jurisdictional Analysis The first question to be answered in this case is whether the matter is within the federal court's equity jurisdiction or one of the state courts. They are important because they establish federal jurisdiction since they are bank robbery as well as kidnapping that occurs across state lines. According to 18 U. S. C. § 2113, bank robbery becomes a federal crime if it was perpetrated on a bank that the federal government insures. Furthermore, it is also a federal crime if committed across state Lines. Each is a federal crime, and as both occurred during the crossing of state lines (from Georgia to Tennessee), federal jurisdiction is again supported. This means that the federal court would be at liberty to prosecute Johnny and David for the robbery of the bank and kidnapping. This is consistent with the principle of federal jurisdiction, where a federal court has the mandate to entertain federal or dual crimes. A case of this nature would have to be decided either in a district court or a federal circuit court. Most probably, the defendants could be apprehended in Georgia or Tennessee, where the events that led to the shooting took place, or else elsewhere. Moreover, local courts in Georgia or T...