Article review

Article Review

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Article Review

The article titled “Establishing Motion Control in Children with Autism and Intellectual Disability: Applications for Anatomical and Functional MRI" by Cox et al., published in 2016, shows varying behavior-analytic interventions that are focused on improving motion control for children with intellectual disabilities and autism during the process of MRI scans. The study shows the core dimensions used in applied behavior analysis. Some include analytic rigor, behavioral focus, and applied relevance. Some interventions used are stimulus promoting, fading, and differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO), which are ABA fundamental principles (Cox et al., 2016). These procedures have been applied in the current world contexts where they focus on a socially significant behavior that remains during the scans. Some examples of ABA principles in practice are using successive approximations, such as stimulus fading, to reinforce compliance through specific motion-control steps by applying the preferred edibles. Behavior change procedures had been systematically applied within three studies, proving that generalization from mock scanners to real MRI settings has been successful. The authors used behavior graphs and visual analysis and matched them with the ABA's empirical emphasis to interpret the results. These findings show that ABA can effectively boost healthcare access and outcomes for people with developmental disabilities.

The article “Functional analysis and generalized treatment of disruptive behavior during dental exams” by McConnell et al., published in 2020, describes how behavior analytic studies address the disruptive behavior of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during dental exams. This study applies a modified functional analysis to identify the problem behaviour escape function, which matches the behaviour analysis applied dimension through addressing socially significant issues within the natural settings (McConnell et al., 2020). Some of the key principles that have been used include graduated exposure and extinction. The main difference between graduated exposure and extinction is that while graduated exposure slowly reintroduces dental procedures, extinction includes withholding escape from demands that result from a disruptive behaviour. The analytic dimension is shown through comparing the exposure effects alone and the exposure combined with extinction, and the results proved that extinction played a massive role in reducing problem behaviour. The effectiveness of treatment was also evaluated through the percentage of exam steps completed and the reduction observed in the disruption. The intervention has been generalised in the real dental settings, showing a generality dimension. The study also shows how ABA principles can effectively boost healthcare experiences for people with disabilities.