What Cause Infanticide in India Become a “Epidemic” (GASB20H3F)

What causes Infanticide in India become an “Epidemic.”
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What causes infanticide in India become an “epidemic.”
Infanticide is the intentional act of killing a newborn. According to ADDIN CSL_CITATION { "citationItems" : [ { "id" : "ITEM-1", "itemData" : { "author" : [ { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Dubof"given" : "Renu", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" }, { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Dube", "given" : "Reena", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" }, { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Bhatnagar", "given" : "Rashmi", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" } ], "id" : "ITEM-1", "issue" : "1", "issued" : { "date-parts" : [ [ "2016" ] ] }, "page" : "73-86", "title" : "Women Without Choice : Female Infanticide and the Rhetoric of Overpopulation in Postcolonial India", "type" : "article-journal", "volume" : "27" }, "uris" : [ "/documents/?uuid=4cb30b0e-cb93-4bd8-b8f7-24577890f5d5" ] } ], "mendeley" : { "formattedCitation" : "(Dube, Dube, & Bhatnagar, 2016)", "manualFormatting" : "Dube, Dube, and Bhatnagar (2016)", "plainTextFormattedCitation" : "(Dube, Dube, & Bhatnagar, 2016)", "previouslyFormattedCitation" : "(Dube, Dube, & Bhatnagar, 2016)" }, "properties" : { "noteIndex" : 0 }, "schema" : "https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json" }Dube, Dube, and Bhatnagar (2016), postcolonial India had witnessed selective killings of female fetuses despite increasing concerns from Indian women-led campaigns against the act. India is a patriarchal community with the number of males exceeding that of females. Infanticide increased in the 20th century as technological innovations such as ultrasound were introduced in India in the 1970s to determine the sex of unborn babies ADDIN CSL_CITATION { "citationItems" : [ { "id" : "ITEM-1", "itemData" : { "ISBN" : "0047-2328", "ISSN" : "00472328", "PMID" : "2005519064", "abstract" : "There is now sufficient historical demographic analysis of India, Japan and China to show that infanticide has traditionally been employed to shape families. The driving force has often been the need to preserve family property from division by inheritance or dispersal by the payment of high dowries, although, especially in China, current subsistence problems have also been important. The practice has often been more frequent among the rich than the poor and may have increased as economic advancement became more possible. Nevertheless, it is probable that high child mortality ensured that most families did not have to practise infanticide, which probably played only a modest role in determining the level of population equilibrium. The factor making infanticide more likely than in hunter-gatherer societies is the possession of land. The Judaeo-Christian-Muslim outlawing of infanticide provided the incentive both to try to eliminate the practice and to record its existence.", "author" : [ { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Caldwell", "given" : "John C.", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" }, { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Caldwell", "given" : "Bruce K.", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" } ], "container-title" : "Journal of Comparative Family Studies", "id" : "ITEM-1", "issue" : "2", "issued" : { "date-parts" : [ [ "2005" ] ] }, "title" : "Family size control by infanticide in the great agrarian societies of Asia", "type" : "article-journal", "volume" : "36" }, "uris" : [ "/documents/?uuid=c9a7a484-8fcf-4855-a19e-7112bd9e7c6b" ] } ], "mendeley" : { "formattedCitation" : "(Caldwell & Caldwell, 2005)", "plainTextFormattedCitation" : "(Caldwell & Caldwell, 2005)", "previouslyFormattedCitation" : "(Caldwell & Caldwell, 2005)" }, "properties" : { "noteIndex" : 0 }, "schema" : "https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json" }(Caldwell & Caldwell, 2005). Reviews show that politics and the social context influenced the nature of the population and actions were undertaken in the modern-day India ADDIN CSL_CITATION { "citationItems" : [ { "id" : "ITEM-1", "itemData" : { "DOI" : "10.1017/ S0021911813002350", "ISSN" : "0021-9118", "abstract" : "Rebecca Jane Williams (2014). Storming the Citadels of Poverty: Family Planning under the Emergency in India, 1975\u20131977 . The Journal of Asian Studies, 73, pp 471-492. doi:10.1017/S0021911813002350. ", "author" : [ { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Williams", "given" : "Rebecca Jane", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" } ], "container-title" : "The Journal of Asian Studies", "id" : "ITEM-1", "issue" : "2", "issued" : { "date-parts" : [ [ "2014" ] ] }, "page" : "471-492", "title" : "Storming the Citadels of Poverty: Family Planning under the Emergency in India, 1975\u20131977", "type" : "article-journal", "volume" : "73" }, "uris" : [ "/documents/?uuid=d6182dda-8cc4-40c6-865b-7e064fccc45c" ] }, { "id" : "ITEM-2", "itemData" : { "DOI" : "10.17730/humo.43.1.xk724j7682r88686", "ISSN" : "0018-7259", "PMID" : "11617161", "author" : [ { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Brown", "given" : "C H", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" } ], "container-title" : "Human organization", "id" : "ITEM-2", "issue" : "1", "issued" : { "date-parts" : [ [ "1984" ] ] }, "page" : "49-54", "title" : "The forced sterilization program under the Indian emergency: results in one settlement.", "type" : "article-journal", "volume" : "43" }, "uris" : [ "/documents/?uuid=daa10417-eb51-4474-8982-8c9caad42868" ] } ], "mendeley" : { "formattedCitation" : "(Brown, 1984; Williams, 2014)", "plainTextFormattedCitation" : "(Brown, 1984; Williams, 2014)", "previouslyFormattedCitation" : "(Brown, 1984; Williams, 2014)" }, "properties" : { "noteIndex" : 0 }, "schema" : "https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json" }(Brown, 1984; Williams, 2014). The intent of this paper is to propose a research on what causes infanticide in India to become an epidemic.
During the emergency period that began on June 1975 to March 1977, India experienced a political regime that was focused on poverty eradication in the country. Nevertheless, the politicians advocated for family planning programs that saw many people become sterilized to facilitate economic development ADDIN CSL_CITATION { "citationItems" : [ { "id" : "ITEM-1", "itemData" : { "DOI" : "10.1017/ S0021911813002350", "ISSN" : "0021-9118", "abstract" : "Rebecca Jane Williams (2014). Storming the Citadels of Poverty: Family Planning under the Emergency in India, 1975\u20131977 . The Journal of Asian Studies, 73, pp 471-492. doi:10.1017/S0021911813002350. ", "author" : [ { "dropping-particle" : "", "family" : "Williams", "given" : "Rebecca Jane", "non-dropping-particle" : "", "parse-names" : false, "suffix" : "" } ], "container-title" : "The Journal of Asian Studies", "id" : "ITEM-1", "issue" : "2", "issued" : { "date-parts" : [ [ "2014" ] ] }, "page" : "471-492", "title" : "Storming the Citadels of Poverty: Family Planning under the Emergency in India, 1975\u20131977", "type" : "article-journal", "volume" : "73" }, "uris" : [ "/documents/?uuid=d6182dda-8cc4-40c6-865b-7e064fccc45c" ] } ], "mendeley" : { "formattedCitation" : "(Williams, 2014)", "plainTextFormattedCitation" : "(Williams, 2014)", "previouslyFormattedCitation" : "(Williams, 2014)" }, "properties" : { "noteIndex" : 0 }, "schema" : "https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json" }(Williams, 2014). During this period, amniocentesis, a sex determination test was introduced in the country as a means of identifying defects in a sample population. Subse...