Gender is Performative and the Key Concepts in Before Gender, There was Flesh

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Judith Butler defines gender as the primary approach whereby there is the naturalization and production of feminine and masculine ideas. According to her, gender is never linked to material physical realities though it is independently and entirely a fiction or social construction, which is prone to contestation and alteration. Moreover, Butler also claims that "gender is performative." She implies that no person is a gender before performing gendered actions. Gender is merely authentic such that it is conducted. It is an action but not an action by an individual who may be considered to preexist the act. According to the phrase's meaning, no gender distinctiveness following gender expressions exists. Identity is established by the expressions known to be its outcomes. Above all, the perception that gender is performative clarifies how various actions contribute to forming gender identity (Big Think).
In my view, I understood various aspects of Hortense Spillers's reading. Most importantly, the author described the Africans' dehumanization into typical arithmetic, eliminated from their names and motherlands, and granted new ones in contradiction to Europeans, who are continually distinguished name-wise in transactional accounts. Left in a here nor their status has resulted in intergenerational shock, enslaved Africans' cutback to their bodies (Spillers 70). However, the gendered disparity between them, like females, apportioned less space compared to males on the vessels during the Middle Passage period. Also, the author emphasizes the lack of academic consideration of gendered disparity involving enslaved people and their harsh treatment during her writing. Moreover, certain aspects are unclear to me regarding Spillers's reading. For example, what factors significantly contributed to African treatment? Did they actually deserve whatever they went through?
The flesh is central to the planet's order. Spillers refers to the or...