Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe

Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe
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Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe
The universe evolution is determined by the amount of dark energy and the dark matter contained in it. However, densities of dark matter and energy are influenced by cosmic expansion; these densities refer to the concentrations in a given volume of space. Although there is a good idea on the amount of matter held by the universe, there is no precise measure of the matter (Boveia, Buchmueller, Busoni, D’Eramo, De Roeck, De Simone, & Haisch, 2020). There is also documented evidence on the fact that the universe is affected by gravity. As such, comprehending the eventual fate of the universe depends on understanding dark energy.
Currently, cosmologists have limited understanding of dark energy although it makes up 70% of the mass energy in the universe. As such, current research is focused on uncovering its fundamental properties such as permanence, strength, and variation with direction (Petricca, Angloher, Bauer, Bento, Bucci, Canonica, & Gorla, 2020). Understanding these properties will enhance understanding on the influence that dark energy on the expanding universe.
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The figure above schematically shows the cosmic scale for different cosmologies. If the dark matter in a universe is in high density, the Hubble expansion that started during the Big Bang continues decelerating as a result of gravitation attra...