Human Skeleton and Skull Labelling and Questions on the Kennewick Man
The test has two parts: 1. the labeled drawings and 2. the answers to the short essay questions. Please post them both on Canvas in this Assignment.
Draw an image of the human skeleton and another of the skull (if you want to draw separate images of different parts of the skeleton that is fine if it is easier for you). You will not be graded on the quality of your drawing!
label the following bones:
SKULL SKELETON
coronal suture calcaneous
frontal clavicle
mandible carpals
mastoid cervical vertebrae
maxilla coccyx/caudal vert.
occipital cranium
parietal femur
saggital suture fibula
supraorbital ridge humerus
temporal illium
temporal crest ischium
zygomatic arch lumbar vertebrae
metacarpals
incisor metatarsals
canine patella
premolar phalanges
first molar pubis/pubic bone
second molar radius
third molar ribs
scapula
sacrum/sacral vert.
sternum
tarsals
thoracic vertebrae
tibia
ulna
SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. What injuries did Kennewick Man suffer during the course of his life that can be seen in his skeleton?
2. What were Kennewick Man’s daily activities and how can these activities be seen in his skeleton (what marks did they leave on his bones)?
3. What is NAGPRA and how did it affect the study of Kennewick Man?
4. Who was buried in Horn Shelter and what were they buried with that can tell us about their lives?
5. Is Kennewick Man an ancestor of contemporary Native Americans? How do we know this?
6. Where is the skeleton now?
7. Name two ways to tell the age at death of a skeleton. (Give details, do not just say “bone length” etc.)
8. Name three ways to tell the sex of a skeleton. (Give specific traits on specific parts of the body).
9. What are three functions of bones?
Short Essay Questions
1 What injuries did Kennewick Man suffer during the course of his life that can be seen in his skeleton?
He had five fractured ribs and injuries to his shoulder. He also had arthritis on the right elbow, both knees, and several vertebrae. Moreover, he had a depression fracture on the frontal bone and an indention on the left side of the head.
2 What were Kennewick Man’s daily activities, and how can these activities be seen in his skeleton (what marks did they leave on his bones)? He was a hunter and gatherer who used tools such as spears. A five-stone projective was found embedded on his hip, which is believed to be a spear point used by hunters and gatherers.
3 What is NAGPRA, and how did it affect the study of Kennewick Man?NAGPRA means Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which states that the extracted human remains ought to be treated with dignity and respect. It recognized that human remains and other cultural items removed from federal or tribal lands belong to the Indian tribes, lineal descendants, and the native Hawaiian organizations. Therefore, under this law, the tribes had the right to rebury Kennewick Man and to refuse further scientific study on the remains.
4 Who was buried in Horn Shelter, and what were they buried with that can tell us about their lives?
It was a body of a man and a child that were laid carefully on their shallow grave facing where the sun sets. They were buried with an array of offerings and items that were made of shell, canine teeth, claws, turtle shells, and other items. It showed that the individuals were of high social status and were accorded respect even at the time of their death.
5 Is Kennewick Man an ancestor of co...