Journal Article Review Literature & Language Essay

Journal Article Review
Student Name
Institutional Affiliation
Article bibliography
Hunt, James G. Jerry, George Edward Stelluto, and Robert Hooijberg. "Toward new-wave organization creativity: Beyond romance and analogy in the relationship between orchestra-conductor leadership and musician creativity." The Leadership Quarterly 15, no. 1 (2004): 145-162.
Abstract
Some researchers have argued that symphony orchestras, their conductors, and musicians can be used as analogies for the flatter and more creative new-wave organizations of the future. In doing so, we argue, an overly romanticized picture of what these people do has emerged. Here, we dispel such romantic analogies and develop propositions that will allow us to study orchestra-conductor leadership and musician creativity more realistically. We then move to draw important conclusions about the leadership of creative people in new-wave organizations. For the development of our propositions, we integrate the work on the leadership of creative people [Leadersh. Q. 13 (2002) 705] with the Competing Values Framework (CVF), behavioral complexity and their refinements, and extensions of Quinn R. E. (1988). Beyond rational management: Mastering the paradoxes and competing demands of high performance. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Hypothesis
Symphony orchestras, their conductors, and musicians can be used as analogies for demonstrating the essence pf flatter and more creative organizations in the future.
Methodology
The researchers employ a systematic literature review approach. As a result, the research does not have participants. The article focuses on different articles to highlight various aspects of the study. The first one includes studies that demonstrate what professional musicians do. Here, the authors demonstrate that musicians have excellent insights that make them problem solvers and also creative thinkers. Additionally, these individuals have a high level of discipline. Becoming an excellent musician takes time, which requires constant discipline on their part. In most cases, musicians have more than 12 years of personal training by the time they are through with college.
The second part indicates what conductors do. The authors cite documents that demonstrate the traditional image of a conductor. Generally, a conductor is an individual who is highly gifted but uncaring and an autocrat. Such an image has been perpetuated due to the nature of the industry where conductors in the first half of the century had so much power. They would be paid more than their musicians due to unfair employment practices. However, the researchers cite documents where modern-day conductors are more knowledgeable about their responsibilities. As such, orchestra directors have been at the forefront of combining a set of sophisticated behaviors.[Hunt, J. G. J., Stelluto, G. E., & Hooijberg, R. (2004). Toward new-wave organization creativity: Beyond romance and analogy in the relationship between orchestra-conductor leadership and musician creativity. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(1), pg. 147]
The main findings
The authors establish the need for conductors to exercise their innovator and coordinator roles at the idea generation stage. People need to know the vision of the conductor so that they can work together towards attaining it. The conductor further needs to reinforce the established vision through constant communication with the group members. Secondly, the authors indicate the need for conductors to be high on cognitive and social complexity. Conductors need to possess both charismatic and transformational attributes as they interact with their members. Given that the interactions are intense, conductors need to have the two attributes in order to inspire their members.[Ibid Pg. 149]
Thirdly, conductors need to have self-monitors. This is the ability to exercise control in the way they behave and present themselves. Conductors who have self-monitors are in a better position to control their expressive behaviors and as a result establish cues for socially acceptable behavior. Additionally, conductors need to have strong self-efficacy beliefs. Such conductors are also likely to inspire the same believes to the musicians. Lastly, conductors need to have more experience demonstrate a high level of self-monitoring. However, conductors need to remain careful to avoid feeling a sense of achievement that warrants fewer concerns for the feelings of the musicians.[Hunt, J. G. J., Stelluto, G. E., & Hooijberg, R. (2004) pg. 155]
Conclusions
The researchers believe...