Principles Of Automotive Vehicles: Basic Engine Structure
Please review the ISAP (PG 35-36 and PG 42– 5-7 pages in length for full credit).
Forgot to mention that illustrations can be utilized to updated outdated figures in the chapters assigned to update (CH 10 & 11). The added pictures can aid in meeting the 5-7 page requirement.
ASSIGNED CHAPTERS 10 and 11 FOR REVIEW, UPDATE AND REVISION
TM 9-8000 Writing Assignment
Each student will be assigned 1-3 chapters of TM 9-8000 to review, update, and revise. Updates may include, but are not limited to, grammatical errors, updates to existing text, graphics and/or illustrations, incorporating new changes to existing automotive technology, and/or adding new technology that is currently not included in TM 9-8000. Students may also choose to write about a new automotive technology that does not currently exist in TM 9-8000. However, all new automotive technology topics will be approved by the class SGL. Because your recommendations may be used to update TM 9-8000, the following criteria will be followed:
Use Ariel 11 or 12 Point Font.
6. Discuss and answer the following topics for each subject/chapter discussed:
a. Updated Chapter
b. Section
c. Paragraph Number
d. Paragraph Title
e. Type of Update (i.e. new update, revision of an existing topic, update illustration, etc.
f. Current Text from TM 9-8000
g. Recommended lllustrations(s)
h. The platform that the component or automotive technology is used on
i. Recommended Change(s)
RUBRIC
The information obtained from a minimum of three information sources is summarized clearly, accurately and well organized in your own words. All information sources are credible and relevant to the requirement for the chosen topic.
Cited an applicable references in accordance with APA guidelines. Correctly used in-text citations. Reference page was used and IAW APA format. Used 11 or 12-point Ariel font. Paper was 7-5 pages long.
Less than 3 minor spelling/grammatical errors
TM 9-8000 Principles of Automotive Vehicles
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Number
Professor's Name
Date
Chapter 10
Section III. Basic Engine Structure
10-8. Air Inlet Section (Type of Update: new update)
Today's inlet systems use a technology called inlet-air heating. This technology uses the waste heat from the low-grade heat source and the inlet-guide-vane opening adjustment to heat the air taken in. The technology increases compressor efficiency, combustion efficiency, and turbine efficiency (Najjar, 2007).
10-10. Combustion Chamber (Type of Update: update illustration)
Add a description: The existing types of combustion chambers include; can type or tubular chambers, cannular type or tube-annular, annular type, and silo type. The tubular or can is the earliest type of combustor. In this type, chambers are spaced around the shaft connecting the compressor, each chamber having its fuel jet fed from the same supply line (Barrère & Williams, 2009). Thus, air leaving the compressor is divided into separate streams, each supplying a separate chamber.
In tube-annular or the Cannular type, every flame tubes are uniformly spaced around an annular casing. In this type, the overall length of the compressor-turbine shaft is reduced since it uses a reverse flow arrangement. This property permits easy access to combustion cans and fuel nozzles for maintenance (Barrère & Williams, 2009). In the Annular type, combustion does not occur in individual flame tubes but in an annular region around the engine. This type results in a minimum-diameter engine since it maximizes the space available within a specified diameter. The Silo type uses sizeable industrial gas turbines, where the required combustion system space is less critical. Silo types use one or two sizeable cylindrical combustion chambers (Barrère & Williams, 2009). The large combustor allows lower fluid velocities leading to pressure losses, and they are capable of burning lower quality fuels.
Section IV. Fuel System
10-14. Requirements (Type of Update: update illustration)
Current Text from TM 9-8000: "The fuel system is designed to provide the engine with the proper amount of fuel under all operating conditions."
Recommended illustrations: The essential function of the fuel system is to pressurize the fuel, meter fuel flow, and supply fuel that is converted into spry or mist to the combustion section of the engine.
Add a description: The fuel system components are the fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filters, and injectors or carburetors. Each component must perform without any flaws to achieve expected engine reliability and performance. The fuel tank is the central storage for the fuel that runs the engine. The fuel tank is mainly found on the top, under, side, or rear of the engine. The Fuel Injector sprays a fine mist of fuel and air mixture into the combustion chamber, and the fuel pump drives them. The fuel injectors are a nozzle with a valve attached; the nozzle creates a spray of air and fuel droplets or, in other words, atomization. The fuel filter is usually made into cartridges containing filter paper, and it filters out rusts, dust particles, and dirt from the fuel.
Current Text from TM 9-8000: "Basically, these fuel systems are categorized into either a hydro-mechanical or electronic group."
Recommended illustrations: fuel systems can be divided into Hydro-mechanical, Hydro-mechanical/electronic, and Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC).
The hydro-mechanical fuel control system controls the fuel flow through gear in the engine, which senses engine speed. The system also senses other mechanical engine conditions such as exhaust temperature, burner pressure, inlet air temperature, and pressure and compressor discharge pressure (Cowart et al., 2015). However, these fuel control systems are complicated, and their fuel metering is not as accurate.
Hydro-mechanical/Electronic Fuel Control systems use a remotely located system to adjust the fuel flow. In this system, the flow of fuel is controlled by a hydro-mechanical fuel control assembly, with a fuel metering section and a fuel cutoff section. When the engine is operating normally, a separately mounted electronic fuel control unit controls the thrust setting, acceleration, and speed governing, deceleration limiting the outputs to the fuel control assembly in response to power lever inputs (Cowart et al., 2015). In case the electrical system fails, or at the operator's option, the fuel control assembly switches to the manual mode to allow engine operation although at reduced power.
The full authority digital electronic control system controls fuel flow without a hydro-mechanical fuel control backup system. Instead, the system depends on electronic sensors that send engine parameter information to the controller (Cowart et al., 2015). The controller transmits information to the fuel metering valve after gathering the needed information and determining the fuel flow needed.
10-15. Fuel Pumps (Type of Update: update illustration)
Add fuel pump types
The fuel pump types include Mechanical Pumps (Carbureted), Electric Pumps, and Belt Drive Pumps. The mechanical or carbureted pump is simple and effective. This type uses a rubber diaphragm in housing and a metal lever contacting it (Rezaul Islam, 2017). The engine camshaft has a lobe that pushes the lever's other end, which in turn moves the diaphragm to suck fuel from the gas tank pushing it to the engine.
The electric pump is placed inside or near the fuel tank and hooks up using power and ground wires. The pump uses a rotor to push fuel to the engine in a steady...