Politics of Latin America: Inequality and Poverty
In addition to political culture, other scholars have emphasized other variables to explain political instability and economic stagnation/underdevelopment. For example, poverty and inequality have placed a burden on the ability of these societies to consolidate stable democratic political systems and equitable economic growth/development. Also, the political exclusion or marginalization of certain social and economic sectors has not only impeded democratic governance but has led to forms of non-democratic governance, such as military rule and populism. Answer the following questions: (1) How does inequality and poverty contribute to violence and the emergence of non-democratic forms of governance; (2) Elaborate on the following -- Does the historical evidence indicate that democratic consolidation is not possible in Latin America and therefore the region is destined to move in cyclical between democracy, militarism, populism, etc…?
Politics of Latin America
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Politics of Latin America
Question 1
Inequality and poverty contribute to violence by depriving individuals of quality education, employment, housing, healthcare, food, and other resources needed to maintain a better life. This deprivation results in criminal behavior since individuals have to seek alternative means of obtaining wealth or reaching equality. For instance, they can engage in violent crimes such as armed robbery. Other people can grow a fit of deep anger that produces aggressive behavior due to the stress of living in poverty (Anser et al., 2020). Individuals living under constant stresses, like wondering how to settle the bills or where the next meal will come from, are likely to become aggressive or violent.
Inequality and poverty also contribute to the emergence of non-democratic forms of governance. As noted, these factors subject individuals to inadequate education and literacy, leading to little demand for democracy. Inadequate education and a low literacy rate make it difficult for such people to understand democracy (Levin-Waldman, 2016). It also reduces their participation in political activities and lowers their ability to call for change. As a result, society is forced to rely on the government for every...
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