Diversity Paper

Name: Power and Control in Healthcare Supervision Summary of the Article This article provides a systematic review of reviews to identify theoretical perspectives, facilitators, and challenges to patient and public involvement in healthcare, social care, and patient safety. Ocloo and colleagues also emphasize the importance of patient and public participation in enhancing healthcare tallies and the richness of application across numerous domains. The review also highlights the role of power relations in the involvement process and, consequently, patient and public involvement interventions (Ocloo et al., 2021). It was established that when implemented, patient and public participation improves the relevance and quality of healthcare services; the effectiveness of patient and public involvement is closely linked with the extent to which power and control are devolved among healthcare professionals, the patients, and the public. The authors explain how entrapment can be an issue because of organizational and cultural limitations and individual prejudice (Ocloo et al., 2021). They also describe enablers that influence collaboration choices. Power and Control in Patient and Public Involvement Reflecting on power and control concerning the patient and public involvement, the article raises awareness of power relations and authority dynamics across the healthcare system. It identifies several dimensions of power that shape patient and public participation, such as institutional power in which decision-making processes within healthcare are generally characterized by power relations that exclude patients and the public (Ocloo et al., 2021). These systems have always been characterized by a specific power structure, with the power residing primarily with the administrators and key players in the healthcare sector. Such power relations can lead to patient subjugation and enable them to be viewed more as mere care receivers than as involved and engaged actors in the healthcare systems. Moreover, power imbalances between stakeholders are a usual battle of health care providers who, in most cases, are affiliated with specific institutions and have professional power against the patients, the public, or the lay society who, despite having personal experience, do not have institutional Power (Ocloo et al., 2021). This lack of balance can limit the impact of patient and public involvement initiatives to a great extent since it denies communication, building trust and understanding between them and the officials. Nevertheless, one of the challenges pointed out is the perceived lack of knowledge and experience that patients and the public have, which is often cited by professionals to justify the preservation of power decisions (Ocloo et al., 2021). Cultural concerns, including power relations, ethnic backgrounds, and gender, also pose additional challenges in exercising shared governance, frequently negating the balance of power. The former can exclude some groups from engaging in activities that can be considered significant. In addition, the article outlines factors facilitating power-sharing in patient and public involvement, including empowerment measures, training, and open engagement forums. Thus, the power changes to share throu...