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Psychology
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:
Use of Positive Reinforcement and Negative Punishment to Change a Behavior
Essay Instructions:
1. Read textbook section 6.9 (Your Behavior Has Consequences). The text describes four types of reinforcement/punishment: positive & negative reinforcement, positive & negative punishment. Think of one specific behavior of a friend or family member that you wish you could change (even though of course they are perfect as they are!).
2. Explain how you could use "positive reinforcement" to change that behavior. Then explain how you could use "negative punishment" to change that same behavior.
3. Which approach (positive reinforcement or negative punishment) do you think would be more effective and why?
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Classical Conditioning Essay
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Behavior modification refers to a psychotherapeutic strategy designed to mitigate or address maladaptive behaviors in adults or children (Kelly & Pohl, 2018). I wish to change the behavior of my niece, Kate, who does not want to do her homework. Positive reinforcement can be used to encourage Kate to do her homework with rewards. For example, I would reward Kate with additional playing time and the removal of a poor grade when she completes all her homework and shows good manners during a specific week. In this case, the extra playing time constitutes positive reinforcement, while removing a poor grade is an example of negative reinforcement. Nevertheless, there are also chances that Kate will continue misbehaving and avoid doing her homework. In this case, I will need to punish her by demanding that she stays an extra hour after regular school hours and take away her smartphone. Staying in school for an hour after normal school hours is an example of positive punishment while removing the smartphone is a practical example of negative punishment (Kelly & Pohl, 2018).
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