Adoption of IoT Devices to Reduce Electric & Water Consumption Rates

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The study utilized a mixed methods approach, which included both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The technology setup was created using some major materials and instrumentation, including a monitoring system, sensor nodes, questionnaires, and recording sheets. The quantity of water consumed will be measured in cubic meters and then converted into dollars spent for each household. Similarly, the amount of power consumed will be measured in kilowatts and then converted into dollars for purposes of uniformity. Therefore, the users will track the amount spent on water and power each month for the period of study to determine whether they are saving or not.
The authors used RFIDs and WSNs to automate electricity and water regulation processes. In this case, the households identified for power consumption measurement had RFID and WSN installed. The participants had sensors to notify them about the power consumption. In measuring water consumption, the RFID sensor were fitted on the water meter with sensors on each of the taps around the participant's household. The sensors detected any water flow in the form of a free-flow or drops and notify the owners regarding the flow. The garbage quantity was assessed using the same RFID sensor devices. The technology was installed onto the garbage containers to assess the amount of garbage that the target household collects.
The qualitative aspect led to development themes from participant experiences concerning their knowledge and application of IoT in smart cities. Themes entailed the main perceptions and experiences that the researcher drew from the respondents’ account that was relevant to the research question. Among the notable themes included work simplification, engagement of the local data ecosystem, transparency in the data collection process, and implementation of the information collected. The themes were coded by summarizing the information to provide a proper account of both the recorded and the observed phenomenon.
The quantitative aspect of the study involved assessment of the differences in electricity consumption between the urban and the rural populations. The major factors of concern included the variations in terms of the amount of electricity used, the differences in the adoption ra...