Geography: Planning Issues of Chicago City

Planning Issues of Chicago City
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Planning Issues in Chicago City
City arrangement is a technical and political procedure that is attentive on the design and progress of land use and the constructed environment, together with water, infrastructure and air fleeting in and out of an area. By tradition, urban arrangement followed a top-down method in principal preparation the physical plan of human settlements. Public welfare is the primary concern, which includes, sanitation, protection, and utilization of the environment, and the impact of the master plans on economic and social activities. Urban planning over time has accepted a concentration on the environmental and social bottom-lines, which focuses on development as an instrument to improve the well-being of people, whereas upholding sustainability values. The main goal of planning activities in the 20th century is sustainable development was added when the disadvantageous environmental and economic effects of the former replicas of product had become deceptive. 
City arrangement answers how people will work, play, and how they will live in a given area and hence, leading to orderly development of urban centre, rural and residential areas. Though primarily concerned with the arrangement of communities and settlements, city arrangers are also accountable for the development of well-organized transportation of resources, goods, waste, and people; the circulation of elementary requirements such as electricity and water; sense of opportunity and inclusion for people of all needs, classes, and culture; business expansion or economic growth; preserving the natural environment and improving health significance that vigorously donates to decrease in carbon (iv) oxide production and shielding tradition structures and assemble environments. City arrangement is a dynamic ground since the questions about how people will work, play, and live change with time. City arrangement issues object to create a society with bases on the utilization of land to attain justifiable progress and meet the needs of the community. The aim of this paper focuses on essential planning issues of Chicago; they include environment and sustainability, housing shortage and other planning issues. 
Chicago city is the largest city in Illinois state and the third most populated city in the United States of America from New York City and Los Angeles. It has a population of over three million. It covers an area of sixty thousand hectares and 578 feet (176 m) above sea level. It is located in northeastern Illinois and the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan, which spans 190 km wide and 495 km long. Besides the city is crossed by the Calumet and Chicago Rivers. The city land incorporates northeastern Illinois and spreads into north-western Indiana and south-eastern Wisconsin. The city suburbs include Clarendon hills, Long grove, Buffalo groove, Naperville, Evanston, oak park, Northbrook, Liberty Ville, River woods, and La Garage, to name a few. 
Chicago city is an all-inclusive city that flourishes in diversity and peaceful co-existence with its seventy-seven neighbourhoods. Since time immemorial, Chicago has been a home for many people from different backgrounds. Before it was incorporated into a town, the city had a population of about 350. Population growth of Chicago by then remained constant until the federal government allocated funds for the construction of Illinois Michigan Canal, a link between Illinois River and Lake Michigan. The boom led to a population increase to about 4170; this led to the incorporation of the city into a town in 1837. Chicago housed many indigenous people, a legacy that defines the relationship among the people in this city up to date. 
Behind its inauguration in 1837, Chicago city was superlatively located to benefit from the trading opportunities in the United States expansion to the west region. The availability of the Michigan and Illinois Canal that connected great lakes and Mississippi river, as well as the vast rail network, gave the city a substantial advantage of growth. The construction of the CanalCanal drew hundreds of labourers from Ireland to the area, after the channel unlocked in 1848, the CanalCanal facilitated transport of raw materials such as grains to the city, while offering the cheapest transport method into the state. Construction of the Chicago railway began in 1848; it went into service for the Chicago Union Railroad and new Galena. The railway line extended to the west of the city, but the leading mining city declined the extension of the railway line even before the importance of the rail reached it. The railway lineprolonged to various parts of the town, by the onset of 20th century, no fewer than 30 regional ways fanned out the city easing the availability of both marketers, and raw materials contributed to the fast commercial and industrial growth of the town. 
In reality, Chicago remains up to date the nation’s busiest aviation, while over 50% of the rail freight passes through this city. As a result, the city has converted into a global city, an epicentre for international trade and commerce, and a place where many people from diverse backgrounds have relocated to pursue the American dream—contributing to increase the rate of population growth in the city. 
From the early beginnings, Chicago City has been a centre of different cultural groups such as Polish, German, Irish, to name a few. During the First World War, the national social disruptions led to many African-American migrate to Chicago area from the south. The shift was inspired by the availability of many job opportunities as well as several cultural communities. This means, the city had different religious based on their origin and included Christianity, Buddhism, Islam, Jainism, Hinduism, and Judaism. 
Chicago City witnessed different eras stretching from the great fire and rebuilding annexations of the area, labour and unrest, and post-war. In late 1871, a fire arose in Chicago city that leftover 30% of the town destroyed and over one hundred people homeless. Chicago city annexations stretched between 1851 to 1920s. In 1896, an era of labour and disputes supervened among workers from the Chicago manufacturing, shipping and meatpacking industries who protested the killing of a protesting worker killed by the police as well as declining wages. 
Housing shortage 
Chicago has a unique housing problem compared to other cities across the United States. for the last four years, the population of Chicago has been decreased by about 0.389% annually. Consequently, within the same period, the number of low-income tenants has reduced from approximately 159,000 to about 130,000. Despite the decline in demand for cheap houses, there has been a sharp reduction in the supply of affordable homes, which has led to the housing shortage. The Institute for Housing Studies at DePaul University indicates that cheap houses in Chicago have reduced by 10% while their demand has decreased by 5% since 2012. The steepest decline in the availability of inexpensive housing units has occurred in Irving Park, Logan Squar...