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ASSIGNMENT 01
SC260 Ecology
Directions: Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English spelling and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be a minimum of one (1) single-spaced page to a maximum of two (2) pages in length; refer to the "Assignment Format" page for specific format requirements.
1. Describe global patterns of atmospheric heating and circulation. What mechanisms produce high precipitation in the tropics? What mechanisms produce high precipitation at temperate latitudes? What mechanisms produce low precipitation in the tropics? (60 points)
2. Use what you know about atmospheric circulation and seasonal changes in the sun's orientation to earth to explain the highly seasonal rainfall in the tropical dry forest and tropical savanna biomes. (Hint: Why does the rainy season in these biomes come during the warmer months?) (40 points)
THIS IS THE END OF ASSIGNMENT 01.
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Atmospheric heating and circulation
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Atmospheric Heating and Precipitation
The surface of the earth contains thermal energy which is distributed throughout the globe. The air on the surface of the earth is under constant continuous motion. The manner in which large masses of air move from one region to another as well as the manner in which the thermal energy gets distributed is referred to as the atmospheric circulation. It is important to take note of three important elements affecting heat and precipitation before analyzing the manner in which they are transported in the various tropics and the mechanisms involved in this transportation. The earth`s rotation is an important element in this analysis. The manner in which the globe receives the radiation of the sun and the insulation that takes place are also important elements to take note of. The composition of the earth`s surface with regards the similarities of the materials on the surface of the earth. (Matson, Vitousek & Chapin, 2011)
In the tropics, the melting of humid and warm air within inter-tropical convergence zones that originates from both the northern and southern hemispheres causes precipitation. This is also brought about by the trade winds as well as the rising of the air as warm and humid air meet. Some of mechanisms that are involved in cooling parcels to a saturation point include conductive cooling, adiabatic cooling, evaporative cooling, and radiation cooling. Air is caused to rise by large scale atmospheric motions, barriers and mountain like features, and convection. Coalescence is also responsible for increased precipitation. The meridional atmospheric circulation is of great important with regards to the analysis of how air travels between the tropics. The downward propagating tempera...
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