Natural science- understanding food

Natural Science-Understanding Food Name Institutional Affiliation Course Name & Number Professor Date 1. What is soil fertility, and on what does it depend? Soil fertility refers to the soil’s ability to facilitate the growth of plants by providing essential nutrients such as organic matter and favorable characteristics such as the right texture, salinity, and pH of 6-7 while ensuring the absence of pollutants. 2. What is the Haber-Bosch process, and what are its positive and negative consequences? It is a process by which ammonia, a highly usable form of nitrogen in the atmosphere, is created through a reaction of atmospheric dinitrogen with hydrogen from water and other sources in the presence of iron at high temperatures and pressures to produce fertilizer nitrogen. The process is vital in replenishing the soil, increasing agricultural yields, and it is effective in creating ammonium-based explosives that make weapons for protection. However, it has devastated the environment by polluting air and water through high greenhouse gas emissions, loss of diversity, and nitrogen and phosphorous runoff. 3. How has agriculture changed, especially in North America, in the last 150-200 years? Agriculture has significantly changed over the last 200 years, which has seen the adoption of technological innovations in farm irrigation, cultivation and planting, farming equipment, and breeding of animals, thereby increasing farming abilities. Also, the industry has experienced industrialization by using machines, fertilizers, pesticides, fossil fuels, and the adoption of factory farming and large-scale agribusiness. 4. What is the Green Revolution, and what are its positive and negative consequences? The Green Revolution was a U.S. State Department, and Rockefeller and Ford Foundations funded agricultural reforms program of the 1950s-1960s. It aimed at introducing industrial agriculture techniques that would enhance agricultural production. The program, in collaboration with local governments ...