Ethical problems in nursing management: The role of codes of ethics
Research Critique, Part 1
To write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of the research study conducted, respond to each of the questions listed under the headings below.
Do not answer the questions with a yes or no; rather, provide a rationale or include examples or content from the study to address the questions.
CRITICAL APPRAISAL GUIDELINES: QUALITATIVE STUDY
Problem Statement
- Identify the clinical problem and research problem that led to the study. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? This gap in knowledge is the research problem.
- How did the author establish the significance of the study? In other words, why should the reader care about this study? Look for statements about human suffering, costs of treatment, or the number of people affected by the clinical problem.
Purpose and Research Questions
- Identify the purpose of the study. An author may clearly state the purpose of the study or may describe the purpose as the study goals, objectives, or aims.
- List research questions that the study was designed to answer. If the author does not explicitly provide the questions, attempt to infer the questions from the answers.
- Were the purpose and research questions related to the problem?
- Were qualitative methods appropriate to answer the research questions?
Literature Review
- Did the author cite quantitative and qualitative studies relevant to the focus of the study? What other types of literature did the author include?
- Are the references current? For qualitative studies, the author may have included studies older than the 5-year limit typically used for quantitative studies. Findings of older qualitative studies may be relevant to a qualitative study.
- Did the author evaluate or indicate the weaknesses of the available studies?
- Did the literature review include adequate information to build a logical argument?
Conceptual / Theoretical Framework
- Did the author identify a specific perspective from which the study was developed? If so, what was it?
- When a researcher uses the grounded theory method of qualitative inquiry, the researcher may develop a framework or diagram as part of the findings of the study. Was a framework developed from the study findings?
Prepare a critical analysis of a qualitative study focusing on the problem statement, study purpose, research question, literature review, and theoretical framework. The completed analysis should be 750-1,000 words. Refer Research Critique, Part 1. Questions under each heading should be addressed as a narrative, in the structure of a formal paper. Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment
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Ethical problems in nursing management: The role of codes of ethics
Problem Statement
Ethical problems are difficult issues that require moral solutions. These problems may be those that recur on a daily basis or may be new and unfamiliar. Solving ethical problems requires making choices based on the basis of certain beliefs and feelings regarding what morals are good or right. “Ethical dilemma†refers to circumstances where a choice has to be made between two equal but unsatisfactory alternatives.
The “moral problem†concept is a situation where a dilemma is experienced between personal values and norms and those of other people. Problem solving in an ethical manner is part of the ethics in nursing and nursing management. The nurse manager has the responsibility of working towards resolving any ethical problems and give support to their subordinates in ethical decision making. The nurse manager should also have the ability to articulate ethical principles to nursing, incorporate ethical standards and core values in daily nursing practice, and create an environment comprising of high ethical standards CITATION Ait10 \l 1033 (Aitamaa, Leino-Kilpi, Puukka, & Suhonen, 2010).
Nursing ethical problems have been clinically studied in different settings. Most of the research is done on nurses with minimal research done in nursing management. Studies among nurse managers, issues of developing and maintaining quality of care are frequently ethical problems. In other organizations, conflicts that are ethical arise between administrative roles and the professional role of nurse managers is one of the main problems CITATION Ait10 \l 1033 (Aitamaa, Leino-Kilpi, Puukka, & Suhonen, 2010).
Nurse Managers place an emphasis on their professional values of providing quality care for patients while an organization's goal can be assumed to be quick and economic service delivery leading to lower costs which for nurse managers may result into an ethical conflict CITATION Ait10 \l 1033 (Aitamaa, Leino-Kilpi, Puukka, & Suhonen, 2010). When making decisions on ethical problems, nurse managers use their own personal values, management or nurse colleagues' discussions act on patients' rights and their professional codes of ethics. However, there is minimal research about the role of code of ethics in nursing management CITATION Ait10 \l 1033 (Aitamaa, Leino-Kilpi, Puukka, & Suhonen, 2010).
Moral problems are related to the circumstances where nurses experience feelings of powerlessness in reference to patients' wellbeing. In relation to colleagues the morally problematic situations concerns lack of...