Statistical significance. Health, Medicine, Nursing Essay

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INTRODUCTION OF STUDY
Patient satisfaction was the main focus of the study conducted by Messina, and other co-authors of the research entitled “The Relationship Between Patient Satisfaction and Inpatient Admissions Across Teaching and Nonteaching Hospitals”. In this 2008 study, factors that can affect patient satisfaction in an inpatient setting were considered. These factors are inpatient admission volume, admission difference between teaching and nonteaching hospitals, patient expectations, reimbursement.
The study sample included seven for each category of teaching and nonteaching hospitals. The examination of the study sample from 1999 to 2003. For the hospital to be considered as a teaching hospital, it should hold residencies for different specializations including anesthesiology, obstetrics, geriatrics, etc. Subjects should voluntarily answer the survey that was sent to their homes immediately, including an explanation of regarding the study for informed consent, after their discharge from the hospital
The knowledge regarding patient satisfaction provides feedback on various aspects such as healthcare services provided, as well as the financial aspect of the business as a healthcare provider. These would further promote the improvement of the current system and address the issues with patient satisfaction that were determined, thus also improving both healthcare and business. In this paper, the statistics used will be discussed, including the value of the statistical significance in comparison to pragmatic usefulness.
STATISTICS USED AND ASSESSMENT
In this study, instrumentation was used to assess patient satisfaction on an ordinal scale, specifically the Likert scale. The survey was assessed if psychometrically stable to ensure the reliability and validity of a wide range of the population. The survey was given which involved aspects of admission such as admission process, physicians and nurses, meals, rooms, treatments, visitors/family, discharge, personal matters, and overall evaluation.
In determining the statistical tests used, this study took note of the following: qualitative or quantitative data, dependent and independent variables, appropriate statistical analysis for the research question, relationships between the variables, and calculation of the sample size to use the most suitable statistical test for the variables and groups.
The study is a cross-sectional study using descriptive non-parametric statistics due to the qualitative nature of the study and its small sample size which cannot determine the distribution of data, classifying it as uneven distribution of data. In this study, the skewness of data presents that the satisfaction mean scores have a normal distribution.
Spearman Rank-Order Correlation was used in this study because of the nonparametric data as well as the use of ordinal variables in the study. Using this measure, the direction and strength of the relationship are identified. In this study, it is correct to use a two-tailed correlation for the possibility of either option to be significant...