Health Care Field Research Final Draft: Childhood Obesity: Causes, Prevention, and Cure

Childhood Obesity: Causes, Prevention, and Cure
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Childhood Obesity: Causes, Prevention, and Cure 
Abstract
Childhood obesity has become a global epidemic. It is one of the leading causes of early cardiac arrest and deaths. Obese children are at a high risk of developing chronic, uncommunicable illnesses such as diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes), obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), hypertension, and various carcinomas. Studies show that many of these obesity problems can be reversed by changing the mindset and lifestyle. The research will focus on obese children between the ages of 6-14 years, who are overweight with a family history of obesity and co-morbidities. Throughout the study, these children will be provided with proper counselling regarding their health and optimum nutrition. They will be evaluated based on Full Body DEXA Scans, revealing the percentage composition of their muscle mass, body fat, and bone density, at the beginning and the end of the process. They will also receive guidance, support, encouragement, uplifting, and motivation to control their eating habits and lifestyles to moderate their daily indulgences. This research can get to the core of childhood obesity, which will help devise proper nutritional guides and diet charts for overweight children and an exercise schedule to follow daily.
Introduction
Childhood obesity is one of the most pervasive threats to health in the world. It is additionally a reason for diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, sleep apnea, and different sicknesses. It is urgent to find out about it to discover approaches to counter it. It is perceived that obesity results from the unevenness between the calories we burn and the calories we consume; in any case, it has become confusing in youngsters. Other than hereditary factors, children are getting excessively overweight because of an increase in screen time and the absence of sufficient exercise.
Studies show that childhood obesity predominates kids between the ages of 2-16 years and influences practically 17% of kids eventually in their young adult years. It is a disturbing figure considering the fraction of youngsters in danger of creating ongoing and conceivably dangerous diseases. Studies show that obesity can affect children's developmental health and postpones pubescence in teenagers. It can also have adverse psychological and sociological effects, hindering the relationship between identity and personality.
Literature Review and Its Use in Research
Whatever research is initiated, the odds are that somebody has just accomplished work in that specific field or an order corresponding to it. In allied healthcare settings, referring to scholarly articles is crucial to build a personal understanding of the subject and gain knowledge. Literary sources are highly credible and authentic, and they serve a great deal to the quality of the papers. These articles are well-read and extensively researched. This is also a demanded attribute of academic writing to support the argument. Therefore, it is essential to bring into consideration the work of other experts. The articles reviewed for this study are Childhood Obesity: A Global Public Health Crisis (Karnik & Kanekar, 2015), Childhood obesity: causes and consequences (Sahoo et al., 2015), and Childhood obesity: prevention is better than cure (Pandit et al., 2016) and Cardiometabolic risk in obese children (Chung et al., 2018). These articles are unbiased and contain excessive information regarding the causes, prevention, and treatment of childhood obesity.
Ethical Considerations for Data Collection
In data collection, it is crucial to specify primary ethical considerations. The main components of proper review emphasize that all research participants must give their written consent before the study begins, with responsibility. It is essential to ensure that all participants voluntarily sign up to be evaluated and are in no way, forced. The researchers must not cause any mental or physical harm to the participants and only assess components that are relevant to the study. This prevents exploitation and prevents damages that might result from irresponsible conduct. Their confidentiality must also be maintained at all times, along with the participants' anonymity.
Findings
Childhood obesity has now become an epidemic globally. It affects around 17% of children between the ages of 2-16 years (Sanyaolu et al., 2019). Obesity is now the 5th leading cause of mortality in the world. (Pandit et al., 2016). It is responsible for the development of numerous chronic or acute illnesses. These are called co-morbidities. Obesity exposes children to a high risk of developing diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), cardiovascular diseases (Chung et al., 2018), obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that can also lead to oesophagal cancer, hypertension, anxiety, osteoporosis, metabolic disorders, hypothyroidism, and various carcinomas. Obesity also lowers the strength of immunity, as most overweight children often have an immunity level (CD4) less than 200, making their bodies a harbour for opportunistic illnesses (Smith et al., 2020). A recent spike in females cases has weight-related disorders like Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), which disrupts their ovulation and menstrual cycle. It affects their fertility and has some adverse effects on the body's metabolism and digestion in the long run. Studies prove that even losing just 5% of the body's excess weight can significantly improve PCOS symptoms. Research shows that many of these obesity problems can be reversed by changing the mindset and lifestyle.
WHO suggests that to maintain a healthier body, children must indulge...