Autoimmune disease Health, Medicine, Nursing Essay

Pathophysiology of Autoimmune Disease: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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Pathophysiology of Autoimmune Disease: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, presents with multiple tissue and organ injury resulting from a global loss of self-tolerance with ensuing immune dysregulation (Moulton et al., 2017). In SLE, the production of cytokines and autoreactive antibodies plays a critical role in the activity and progression of the disease (Pravda, 2019). Excessive immune system exposure to autoantigens plays a major role in the production of autoantibodies and disease pathogenesis. One of the pathophysiological mechanisms of SLE involves complement activation pathways and immune complexes, which mediate effector function and injury to tissues and organs. In healthy individuals, complement receptors and Fc are involved in the clearance of immune complexes. An aberration of this process leads to tissue disposition and injuries to tissues and multiple organs (Pravda, 2019). Modulation of the coagulation cascade, the release of inflammatory cytokines, and the reactive oxygen int...