Historical Topic Analysis: Equal Opportunity in Schools
OVERVIEW
The purpose of the Historical Topic Analysis Assignment is to evaluate historical events, topics, and trends and their related causes and effects, especially in the field of education. The topic will also be addressed from a Biblical worldview perspective integrating current course materials and peer-reviewed journal articles. Candidates are encouraged to explore from a historical perspective a topic they anticipate might relate to their future capstone or dissertation project. Candidates research and conduct the analysis. They demonstrate knowledge of educational ideas of the past, consider the relevance of the topic, analyze the topic in light of their own educational beliefs, and critically analyze related actions and beliefs.
INSTRUCTIONS
This paper is based on the topic, guiding question, and preliminary thesis statement you submitted in previous assignments and should be in APA format (see the APA Format Quick Guide).
Length: This paper is to be at least 1,300 words in length from the introductory paragraph to the conclusion. This does not count the title page, abstract, or reference pages.
Citations and References: Cite at least five sources throughout the paper and list them on the reference page. Of the five sources, one of them is required to be the course textbook. You may incorporate articles from your Annotated Bibliography Assignment and other course assignments as appropriate. Other sources may include course videos, academic journal articles, books, and textbooks from other courses.
Structure: You have a great deal of latitude in how the paper is structured, but it should follow a logical progression of thought and the guidelines below. See the Historical Topic Analysis Grading Rubric for required elements.
1. Title Page
• Pagination: In APA, all pages are numbered. The title page should be page 1.
• Title: The title should not be the name of the assignment (i.e., Historical Topic Analysis). It should be a phrase drawn from the thesis statement in the introductory paragraph. It should provide the reader a hint of the topic and the main idea supported throughout the paper and may be phrased in a clever, unique fashion. The first letter of all words should be capitalized except for articles (e.g. a, an, the), conjunctions (e.g., and, but), and short prepositions (e.g., of, about), unless they appear as the first word, which is always capitalized. Center and boldface your title and position it near the middle of the page or slightly above the middle.
• Other Information on Title Page: All other information on the title page should comply with current APA requirements.
2. Abstract: The heading of the abstract should be centered and boldfaced.
• Place the abstract at the top of a page by itself after the title page.
• Do not indent the first line.
• The abstract is a brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the paper. It should present the main ideas and main conclusions/implications. Including the main ideas and conclusions in the abstract is much more important than a simple outline of the structure or headings.
3. Introduction: Do not use the word “Introduction” as a heading for this section.
• The purpose of the introductory paragraph is different from that of the abstract. Do not simply copy the abstract.
• In this section, introduce your thesis statement that will be developed throughout the paper. It is the main idea you are presenting. Save other supporting ideas for the body of the manuscript. Do not overload the introductory paragraph with too many concepts that distract from the key point of the thesis statement.
• It is best to place the thesis statement at the end of the introductory paragraph. It is typically one or two sentences that serve as a transition into the rest of the paper. Some writers choose to place it as the first sentence of the introduction. Either option is acceptable as long as the introduction is well written and has a logical progression of thought.
4. Summary and Context: Centered in bold with all major words capitalized, enter the first Level 1 heading of your paper. (Level 2 headings are unnecessary for this short of a paper.) Use the words “Summary and Context.”
• This brief section describes and/or summarizes the topic you have chosen so the reader understands the setting in which the topic developed. This is a succinct presentation of events or circumstances that may have influenced the topic.
• Include transitions that build a logical progression from the thesis statement in the introductory paragraph into the topic and its historical context.
5. Critical Analysis: This Level 1 heading should be formatted the same as the previous one. Use the words “Critical Analysis.” This section should reflect various perspectives about the topic, including a Biblical worldview lens.
6. Conclusion: Use the same Level 1 formatting as you have done with your other headings above and enter the word “Conclusion” is centered, bold font. Although your conclusion should include concepts from the thesis statement in the introduction and should have some alignment with the title of the paper, you should not simply restate the thesis statement. Wrap up the paper by emphasizing your main idea and draw a clear conclusion. Typically, a good conclusion does not introduce new information. The conclusion is where you are to discuss implications about what you have already shared and relate ideas to current educational issues.
7. References: Starting at the top of the next page after the end of the manuscript, center in bold font the heading “References.”
• Double-space everything throughout your paper, including the reference page. Do not insert additional extra lines/spaces.
• Using a hanging indent, which means that the first line of every reference is left-justified with all other lines of the reference indented.
• Follow the format below for books. Only initials are used for the author’s first and middle names. See the APA manual for examples of multiple authors, editors, etc.
Equal Opportunity in Schools
Author’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Code and Name
Professor’s Name
Date
Abstract
The primary focus of this paper is how education institutions should emphasize equal opportunity. Schools comprise learners from different cultures, races, ethnicities, skin color, gender, and religion. However, these aspects should not lead to discrimination against certain groups of learners since it might hinder effective learning. The paper has the introduction, summary and content, critical analysis, and conclusion sections. The introduction defines equal opportunity and discusses potential learners’ differences. The next section is entitled summary and content and it summarizes crucial things about the topic of discussion. For example, it reveals how schools can foster equal opportunity to facilitate learning among distinctive types of students. In the critical analysis part, the paper further shows how equal opportunity is Godly. On that note, schools should ensure to encourage equal opportunity so that they can give all learners a chance to acquire knowledge. That way, they will produce highly qualified professionals who are ready to cope with various challenges in they might come across.
Keywords: Equal opportunity, curricula, discrimination.
Equal Opportunity in Schools
Discrimination against certain learners is a significant issue affecting schools in the United States of America (USA). People are usually discriminated against due to racial, gender, age, religion, skin color, ethnic, and racial differences. Equal opportunity involves treating individuals fairly and equally. In education, all learners should be handled equally so that they can acquire knowledge and skills. When students from specific races or cultures are discriminated against by educators or peers, they are hindered from showing their abilities and talents in various fields. Schools should give all students, whether African Americans, Brown, or White equal opportunity. On that note, learners can be equipped with knowledge and skills to not only promote their professions, but become competitive in the job market. Teachers should give instructions and use learning materials that facilitate knowledge acquisition to all students. Schools should design curricula in a way that does not limit learners’ expression or participation in the classroom activities. That is the only way students can obtain relevant knowledge to prepare them for life after school. Effective learning among learners from different cultures, races, skin color, religion, and ethnicities can be enhanced by emphasizing equal opportunity.
Summary and Content
Educational institutions, may it be universities, colleges, and high school, facilitate learning. Students go to school so that they can acquire knowledge. However, the learning process is hindered if educators do not give learners an equal opportunity. A school comprises students from different cultures, races, ethnicity, religion, and skin color. As such, educators should be held responsible to ensure that all learners achieve established course objectives. According to Paulo Freire, a Brazilian educator, critical pedagogy fosters learners’ problem-solving by using their life experiences. Freire argues that education liberate students only if they understand how to overcome things that oppress them (Smith, 2020). In that light, schools should make learners overcome challenges that limit them from achieving their goals in life. For example, African Americans, White, Brown, and Hispanic students can apply the concepts they learn from schools to redeem themselves from things that might hinder their progress in life. That way, learners can appreciate others’ contributions and be flexible to work in diverse workplaces.
In the USA, the achievement gap has become a major issue, particularly affecting the education system. Persistent inequality problems have hindered learners from different cultures, religions, ethnicities, and races to concentrate on education (Ladson-Billings, 2006). In most cases, the achievement gap is witnessed in disparities portrayed in the standardized tests for students from different cultural backgrounds, including African Africans, White, and Latino. The differences in the mode of taking these tests and their outcomes reveal that students are not given an equal opportunity. Nevertheless, learners in the same level should be given similar tests to evaluate their academic progress. Notably, it is wrong to give distinctive tests to students in the same level because they come from varying cultural or racial backgrounds. Education should promote equality so that learners can prepare to address problems they might come across in the real world and progress professionally.
Currently, schools use curricula or programmatic instructions. Curricula are procedures that guide teachers and learners on how to evaluate students’ academic progress by setting specific targeted outcomes that facilitate scholastic achievement and individual growth (Eakle, 2012). The majority of schools have curricula and educators are required to comply with them. For example, teachers are recommended to use specific learning ma...