Organizational Behavior and Theory in Health Care

Organizational Theory, Structure, Change, and Culture
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Conflicts normally happen in healthcare organizations, prompting managers to leverage different theoretical models to address them. Anyone in a managerial position recognizes the challenges of leading employee-intensive healthcare organizations. Effective management requires making complex and questionable decisions, resource allocation, and balancing personal and business interests to achieve effective operations. This paper describes different theories in detail and compares and contrasts the models and their application in healthcare contexts.
Part 1: Theories, Comparison, and Their Application
Six Theories

Comparison

Two Applicable Health Care Examples

Scientific Management Theory: This model was proposed by Frederick Taylor, and it focuses on scientific study of working techniques to enhance productivity and efficiency. It stresses division of labor, standardization, and time-motion studies to improve employee performance (Parreira et al., 2021).

Human Relations Theory While scientific management theory emphasizes work methodologies to augment efficiency and productivity, human relations theory focuses on the worker motivation and how interpersonal relationships affect productivity (Omolawal, 2021).

* The theory applies in a hospital setting to maximize emergency department's workflow. The model can be leveraged to augment general patient care through standardization and analysis of triage procedures, treatment protocols, and patient evaluations.
* The theory is vital in pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities to ensure a seamless medicines production process by studying every phase, pinpointing bottlenecks, maximizing resource utilization, decreasing costs, and increasing output (Parreira et al., 2021).

Administrative Theory: Proposed by Henri Fayol, it stresses management principles encompassing controlling, planning, coordinating, organizing, and commanding. It promotes organizational effectiveness and ethical managerial practices (Turmaganbet, 2021, pp.21-22).

The Contingency Approach: This theory argues that there is no permanent suitable management approach as the management style relies on context and situation at that time (King & Vaiman, 2019, p.199). On the other hand, the administrative theory is anchored on the principle of management and bureaucracy, which promotes a rational approach to designing and running an organization (Walston & Johnson, 2022).

* The theory can be used in extensive healthcare facilities to foster adequate resource allocation by ensuring they align with patient demands and needs.
* Incorporating effective communication and leadership strategies in healthcare management can enhance coordination in various departments and thus facilitate achieving the organization's goals (Turmaganbet, 2021).

Human Relations Theory This emphasizes the social aspects of a workplace and points out the significance of worker satisfaction, communication, and teamwork. It acknowledges the essence of worker motivation and how interpersonal relations affect productivity (Omolawal, 2021).

Scientific Management Theory: This model asserts that only labor division, standardization, and time-motion studies can enhance productivity (Parreira et al., 2021). This is different from human relations theory, which addresses organizational development and personnel influences (Walston & Johnson, 2022).

* Incorporating team-building initiatives and promoting teamwork in healthcare organizations can improve cooperation and communication among different departments, resulting in improved patient care outcomes.
* Acknowledging and rewarding healthcare practitioners for their cooperation and hard work can enhance worker job satisfaction and morale (Omolawal, 2021, p.6), improving patient care quality.

Theory X and Theory Y: Proposed by Douglas McGregor, these models present two different assertions concerning employee behavior and motivation (Kaushik & Guleria, 2020).

Theory X against Y: Theory X assumes that there is a need to watch workers closely as they complete tasks. In contrast, theory Y believes workers are responsible and self-motivated if given the right tools (Kaushik & Guleria, 2020).

* Theory X style is vital when working with low-skilled healthcare staff and where there is a need for close supervision to ensure quality standards and work discipline.
* Theory Y management can help when working with skilled healthcare practitioners who need trust and autonomy to deliver quality services.

The Contingency Approach: This model argues that there lacks a one-size-fits-all management technique. It asserts that the most efficient and effe...