Annotated Bibliography Sample Content Preview:
INTERSECTIONAL FEMINISM VERSUS FEMINISM IN AMERICA
Below are sample entries focusing on the relationship and significant differences between Intersectional Feminism and American Feminism, its impacts on society, relevance, and relativity. Annotated with their respective rhetorical analysis, the pros and cons of both feminisms are critically compared and contrasted. Two editorial articles (Aries, Zevallos) are in agreement of intersectional feminism. Legal cases (MacDowell) presenting the intersectional theory on domestic violence expands intersectional feminism. A non-fiction book (Springer), scholarly arranged, introduces intersectional feminism and its roots – black feminism. A peer-reviewed journal article (Daniels) identifies a new form of intersectional feminism. Perusing through these selections, it is undeniably an evolution of intersectionality.
Feminism refers to the activism of the rights of women and gender equality while intersectional feminism focuses on the analysis of the overlying identities of women – education, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, class, and race. Intersectional feminism is the most scalable and flexible framework, it entertains different kinds of oppression and discrimination – minority, transgender, immigrants, financially-deprived, etc. Based on her gender, a white woman gets reprimanded, but her race is her advantage. Hence, she is considered an “unconventional victim”. Being at a disadvantage by both her race and gender, a black woman becomes a “conventional victim”. On the other hand, when she disadvantaged not just by her gender or ethnicity, but also her sexual orientation, a heterosexual Latina becomes a “perfect victim” of discrimination. Imagine if it involved education as basis to the multiple disadvantages.
Hence, intersectional feminism has become congruent with the general theory of intersectionality itself, a takeover veil of freedom and equity for both men and women. Its polyvocality requires attention all at once. Amidst all these, many women today are still perceived as commodities, a dowry, a chattel; still, women already have different roles compared to in the past that the word “feminism” has taken on many different connotations. The modernity of the world has paved way to the foremost fallacy of feminism – every feminist is into misandry, against submission, campaigns independence and homosexuality. No, not all women have the desire of undermining men. These political and economical rendering in terms of women’s rights are more of the white feminism. Many are simply but sensitively into gender equality. It is an entitlement dogma. White feminism, which revolves mostly, if not entirely, around American feminism has its own focal points. Definitive of its stand against intersectionality as depicted in an editorial (Pluckrose) included in the sample entries will be an insight worthy of its opposition.
Intersectionality is a way to elucidate specific social effects, policy, and laws rather than a lifestyle having a group identity as its focal point. Although it is reasonable to protest against this system; at the same time, it is also reasonable to want an unlikely judgment.
The six sample entries are alphabetically arranged as follows:
Aries, Emilie. “The Imperative of Intersectional Feminism”. Women at Forbes. Forbes Media Inc. (30 Aug 2017): 2 pp. Highlighting a better intersectional advance to feminism, Aries recommends five ways in this editorial: lift others up with you, always be curious rather than be mad, different outlooks matter, and never generalize women. Aries provides an overview of how intersectionality emerged with the first-hand experience of Kimberle Crenshaw on discrimination in the court. Even adding to the testimony of its origin is Bridget Todd’s recollections of writings by black feminism advocates. Aries defines briefly but accurately the context of intersectionality, from race, ethnicity, to heterosexuals, immigrants, transgender, reproductive freedom of women, handicapped individuals, and to violence victims. Likewise, this article has depicted cause or consequence as a logical strategy at various points, particularly intersectional feminism as not merely politics. How can harassment be addressed if harassment is based on the degree of experiences and to whom it is acted upon on? How can women of low income access abortion if safe abortion or prevention to abortion is denied to such women? Moreover, as much as how extrinsically strong the article caters to the audience, it is also intrinsically adequate. Aries, a recognized personality nationwide, is the woman-empowering organization Bossed Up’s CEO. She is also a former political coordinator and now a sought after-consultant for the feminine-type of leadership. Her delivery of the five ways of becoming more intersectional to feminism presupposes a strong intrinsic ethical appeal that accompanies a convincing pathetic appeal to the audience.
Daniels, Jessie. “The Trouble with White Feminism: Whiteness, Digital Feminism and the Intersectional Internet”. Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, and Culture Online. Hunter College, New York. (2016): 38 pp. Why white women engineer and advocate their ideologies remain out of the question, academically? Particularly, in this digital age, intersectional feminism has branched into a thought-to-be-toxic new category – intersectional internet. Accordingly, Daniels examined three white feminism cases. Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In and “Ban Bossy” focused on women asserting their identities as leaders and “working women”. Daniels’ analogy of Sandberg’s idea of a world in which all women are like her is further illustrated she substitutes other’s experiences with her own. A metaphor to white feminism’s flaws. Meanwhile, Eve Ensler’s The V-Day and One Billion Rising movement successfully gathered millions for sexual violence awareness. However, Ensler’s “Congo Stigmata”, her cancer coalescing with Congo rape survivors’ experience, define not just the problematic politi...