Theories of Immanuel Wallerstein and Frantz Fanon and the Social Issue of Homelessness

Homelessness as A Social Issue
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Homelessness as A Social Issue
Introduction
Homelessness is a complex social issue deeply rooted in structural inequalities and systems of power. This paper aims to use the theories of Immanuel Wallerstein and Frantz Fanon to explain how economic and racial factors contribute to the persistence of homelessness and how these factors shape the experiences of marginalized individuals (Wallerstein, 1974; Fanon, 2017). Through analyzing these theories, the paper will demonstrate how they support or challenge the understanding of homelessness as a social issue and how they intersect and compare with one another in their explanations. The paper will also explore how these theories can inform potential solutions to address homelessness.
Part 1
In this theory paper, I will examine the social issue of homelessness by utilizing Immanuel Wallerstein’s “The Rise and Future Demise of the World Capital System” as a lens. The research question addresses how social structures and systems perpetuate homelessness and how these factors intersect with issues of race and identity. The topic statement asserts that homelessness is a complex issue rooted in structural inequalities and systems of power (Longhofer & Winchester, 2016). By analyzing Wallerstein’s theory, the paper delves into how economic factors contribute to the persistence of homelessness and how they shape the experiences of marginalized individuals.
Wallerstein’s theory of world systems analysis argues that the global economy is divided into core, semi-periphery, and periphery nations, with the core nations exploiting the resources and labor of the periphery nations. Longhofer and Winchester (2016) assert that this exploitation leads to a widening gap between the wealthy and the poor within and between nations. In the context of homelessness, this theory suggests that the structural inequalities in the global economy contributed to the marginalization and poverty of specific individuals and communities, making them more vulnerable to homelessness (Wallerstein, 1974). One of the key ways in which these structural inequalities manifest is through the lack of affordable housing. The core nations, with greater access to resources and wealth, can invest in and maintain housing options that are out of reach for those in the periphery. Besides, this creates a situation where there is a shortage of affordable housing options, particularly in urban areas where jobs and economic opportunities are concentrated.
As a result, individuals and families living in poverty cannot access adequate housing and are at a greater risk of becoming homeless. Furthermore, the global economy’s focus on profit and growth also leads to the displacement of communities, particularly those that are marginalized and low-income (Longhofer & Winchester, 2016). Besides, this can take the form of urban renewal projects, gentrification, and other forms of land development that prioritize the interests of the wealthy over those of marginalized communities. Accordingly, this displacement can lead to the loss of social networks and support systems, making it even more difficult for affected individuals and families to access housing and other resources.
Immanuel Wallerstein’s theory of world systems analysis posits that the exploitation of periphery nations by core nations leads to a widening gap between the wealthy and the poor, both within and between nations (Wallerstein, 1974). Besides, this exploitation also highlights how it contributes to the racialization of poverty and homelessness. The racial and ethnic makeup of homeless people often reflects the racial and ethnic disparities in the global economy (Longhofer & Winchester, 2016). For instance, African Americans and other people of color are disproportionately represented among the homeless population in the United States. Accordingly, this reflects the systemic racism and discrimination that have historically limited their access to economic opportunities and resources.
In conclusion, Immanuel Wallerstein’s theory of world-systems analysis offers a valuable perspective on the social issue of homelessness. It illustrates how structural inequalities in the global economy perpetuate homelessness, particularly among marginalized groups. This theory also highlights how economic factors intersect with issues of race and identity, as people of color are disproportionately represented among the homeless population. By understanding the role of these structural inequalities in homelessness, more effective and equitable solutions can be developed to address this critical social issue. It is important to note that this theory provides a framework for understanding the issue, but it is not an all-encompassing explanation. It is essential to consider other factors that contribute to homelessness, such as mental health, addiction, and trauma.
Part 2
In this theory paper, the social issue of homelessness is examined through the lens of Frantz Fanon’s “Black Skin, White Masks.” The research question aims to understand how social structures and systems perpetuate homelessness and how these factors intersect with issues of race and identity. The topic statement asserts that homelessness is a complex issue deeply rooted in structural inequalities and systems of power. By analyzing Fanon’s theory, the paper delves into how racial factors contribute to the persistence of homelessness and shape the experiences of marginalized individuals (Fanon, 2017). It is important to note that Fanon’s theory provides a framework for understanding the issue, but it is not an all-encompassing explanation. It is essential to consider other factors that contribute to homelessness, such as mental health, addiction, and trauma.
Frantz Fanon’s theory in “Black Skin, White Masks” posits that the experience of racism creates feelings of alienation and a sense of not belonging. Racism forces individuals of color to adopt the dominant culture’s values and ways of being accepted, leading to feelings of inauthenticity and a loss of self. Concerning homelessness, this theory suggests that racism and discrimination can contribute to feelings of alienation and a sense of not belonging, making individuals more susceptible to homelessness (Fanon, 2017). The theory points to how racism is not only a social problem but also a personal one, and it impacts the individual’s mental health and self-esteem. It also highlights how racism is not only about individual prejudices but also structural inequalities that affect entire communities.
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