Quiz 3 for POLS 4160. This one is the Quiz for my POLS 4160 Atrocity and Justice class

Quiz 3 for POLS 4160
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Institutional Affiliation
Question One
The most applicable concept of guilt to the internment process is criminal guilt. The guilt falls under the jurisdiction of the courts. The Japanese internment happened at a time of war and fear. The U.S Supreme Court has been widely condemned for upholding the exclusion orders in the case of Korematsu v. the United States. The internment process of Japanese- Americans was termed as a necessary outgrowth of the president’s war powers. This is the time the president wrote to the court; “compulsory exclusion of large groups of citizens from their homes, except under circumstances of direct emergency and peril, is consistent with our basic government institutions, but when under conditions of modern warfare, our shores are threatened by hostile forces, the power to protect to protect must be commensurate with the threatened danger.” (Wolfe, 2013).
In my opinion, the criminal guilt that the government of the U.S feels is haunting. In line with the ruling, the court has never overturned Korematsu simply because there hasn’t been a similar case since then. However, this is the type of guilt that rests with the courts and legal scholars. Lawyers term the internment process as an anti-canon of the American constitutional law; largely seen as wrong, unconstitutional and immoral. Because of the incident, courts have become strict when it comes to laws and policies that touch on race, alienage or national origin. The first application by Korematsu failed to protect the Japanese people that lived along the East Coast during World War II. Following the incidents that occurred, we would assume that no specific evidence was required to evacuate and intern a person, but rather race was enough to determine who was uprooted and who was to remain.
Question Two
I believe that historical justice was the most successful for the Japanese-American population. The mentioned type of justice was realized; it was the last time the court failed to protect the group in question. Today, the courts are more sensitive to cases that deal with ethnic groups. Legal scholars claim that the legalization of racism is in itself justice to the various races in the U.S. Therefore, it is clear that racial discrimination in any degree and form has no justifiable part in democracy. Following this, the U.S Supreme Court sided wrongly with the U.S government to evacuate and intern the Japanese-Americans. In fact, after the war justice prevailed. The government renounced the internment. Additionally, the Non-Detention Act of 1971 was established. This was a move to prevent any future presidents from doing the same. The Act states that “no citizen shall be imprisoned or otherwise detained by the United States except pursuant to an Act of Congress.”
The Japanese-American are now able to live without fear of being confined by the U.S government. This is contrary to the situation back in 1940. Due to fears and paranoia, the group was unfortunately interned. Today, evacuating a particular group based on race or ethnic origin would seem unthinkable. However, the extent of panic and fear is understandable; there were several reports of Japanese submarines off Oregon and saboteurs in California that led to the extreme violation of the constitution (Wolfe, 2013). Given the outcome of the Korematsu case, the Bill of Rights has a provision for the protection of ethnic and racial groups from the cruelty of the majority regardless of their numbers. This is why I believe that the Japanese-Americans received historical justice after the internment process.
Question Three
During the internment process, Japanese Latin Americans were treated slightly different from ethnic Japanese. During the World War II when civil and human rights of the Japanese were suspended, lives were disrupted. The evacuation was sanctioned by the president who based his argument on national security and continental defense. However, it didn’t matter to the government whether some of them were of Latin American origin. As a result, Latin American Japanese were also taken to camps. On the same note, 2,000 ethnic Japanese were evacu...