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Queer Excursions: Retheorizing Binaries in Language, Gender, Sexuality

Speech Presentation Instructions:

This is an assignment for a social work class, make sure you know what social work is, social work is not sociology.



In this assignment you will read a book( I will send the book later) and write a speech/ presentation that summarizes and analyszes the book The presentation is 10-15mins long. ( and I choose 7 pages)



I attached the syllabus and the detailed requirements of the assignment. Please read those carefully before you start.



Let me know if you have any questions!



Hi for the required book please visit this website:



ebooks.com



After you log in, click my book and there is only one book called: Queer Excursions



Let me know if you have trouble accessing the book! Thanks!







 







 











Course Description and Goals







 







The nature of this course is to explore, review, and better understand what is considered socially deviant and taboo in society from a social work perspective. In this course, students will explore: how deviance and social taboos are defined, determined, and socially constructed, how deviance and taboos functions in society, the causes of deviance and taboo behavior, how those who are considered deviant manage their behavior and identities, how deviance is organized socially, how social, economic, and political power dictates who and what is deviant or taboo, and how some behaviors that were considered deviant and taboo historically have changed over time – among others. This course will consider the criminal/non-criminal and the sexual/non-sexual ideas of deviance and taboos and pay close attention to temporal, geospatial and cultural differences, rational interventions, and consequences of behavior that is considered extreme or that falls outside of what is socially acceptable.







 







Course Requirements







 







This course includes a substantial reading load for each class meeting. Students are expected to complete the assigned readings for each class, to participate in class discussions, and to hand in all assignments on time. In preparation for the discussions, students will be expected to come to class prepared with questions, lists of discussion points, or opinions. Class lectures and discussions are an integral part of this course. If students need to miss a class for illness or other emergencies, they should make every effort to let the instructor know in advance. All assignments should be handed in on time. If not, the instructor will determine to accept the assignment but assign a lower grade or to not accept the assignment at all. In the latter case, a failing grade will be assigned to the student. The instructor reserves the right to make some changes to the syllabus as needed throughout the semester. 







 







Assignments







 







4 Reflection Papers:







You will submit a reflection paper based on the readings from one week’s session (double-spaced, 12 size font, 2.5-3 pg, Word doc, APA style optional). They are due on the day of the session, and you will submit 4 entries in total. Briefly identify the main ideas and perspectives and relate your reactions to your areas of academic or professional interests. Generally, students respond by exploring some of the following questions: new and/or challenging ideas presented by the readings; connections or conflicts; agree/like or disagree/dislike and why; application to field/future work experience, etc.







 







Summary of Readings and Discussion Facilitation:







On a weekly basis, students will–independently or with classmates–present a summary of two (or more) of the required readings on theoretical concepts for that week. Students must post their summary a minimum of 24 hours prior to class. Summaries should be brief, a series of bullet points and brief commentary. Students presenting a summary should pose one or two discussion questions during this 10 - 13 minutes presentation.







 







Final Social Media/Research Paper:







Choose a real or imaginary social media platform/site and write an entry on topics related to social deviance and taboos for that site. The piece must be well-written and researched (with hyperlinks attached to academic studies or other reputable sources), compelling, and interesting – ask yourself, would I forward this piece to my friends or post it on FB? Would it generate thoughtful conversations? Alternatively, you can write a traditional research paper. (Double-spaced, 12 size font, 6-7 pg, Word doc, references included).







 







Book Review Presentation:







Students will review a book with a classmate(s) and jointly present it at the end of the semester. Presentation can be done utilizing any method comfortable for the students (oral, PowerPoint, Prezi, video clips, etc.). At minimum, this 10-15 minute presentation should describe: 1) major messages/lessons; 2) background of the book/author(s); 3) relevance to our understanding of deviance and taboos; 4) implication for social work or your professional/academic field.







 







Sample Books to Review







 







American Child Bride by Nicholas Syrett







 







Drones and Targeted Killing: Legal, Moral and Geopolitical Issue edited by Majorie Cohn 







 







American Hookup: The New Culture of Sex on Campus by Lisa Wade 







 







Sidewalk by Mitchell Duneier







Brothel: Mustang Ranch and Its Women by Alexa Albert







 







Crack in America: Demon Drugs and Social Justice by Craig Reinarman and Harry G. Levine







 







Cracks in the Pavement: Social change and resilience in poor neighborhoods by Martin Sanchez-Jankowski







 







Porno Chic and the Sex Wars by Carolyn Bronstein and Whitney Strub







 







Doing Time Outside by Donald Braman







 







Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers by S. Cohen







 







Queer Excursions: Retheorizing Binaries in Language, Gender, and Sexuality edited by Lal Zimman, Joshua Raclaw and Jenny Davis







 







Nobody Passes: Rejecting the Rules of Gender and Conformity edited by Kirk Read, Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, and Matt Bernstein Sycamore







 







Gang Leader for a Day: A Rogue Sociologist Takes to the Streets by Sudhir Venkatesh







 







Greed is Good: Maximization and Elite Deviance in America by Matthew Robinson and Daniel Murphy







 







Winner-Take-All Politics: How Washington Made the Rich Richer—And Turned Its Back on the Middle Class by Jacob Hacker & Paul Pierson







 







Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World by Anand Giridharadas







 







Making Ends Meet: How Single Mothers Survive Welfare and Low-Wage Work by Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein







 







Moral Panics, Sex Panics: Fear and the Fight over Sexual Rights (Intersections, Transdisciplinary Perspective on Genders and Sexualities) Edited by Gilbert Herdt







 







On the Run: Fugitive Life in an American City by Alice Goffman







 







Legalizing Prostitution: From Illicit Vice to Lawful Business by Ronald Weitzer







 







Revolting Prostitutes: The Fight for Sex Workers’ Rights by Juno Mac and Molly Smith







 







Chain of Title: How Three Ordinary Americans Uncovered Wall Street’s Great Foreclosure Fraud by David Dayen







 







The Rise of Faith-Based Prison Ministries in the Age of Mass Incarceration by Tanya Erzen







 







The Color of Crime: Racial Hoaxes, White Fear, Black Protectionism, Police Harassment, and Other Microaggressions by Katheryn Russell-Brown







 







The Black Body in Ecstasy: Reading Race, Reading Pornography by Jennifer Nash







 







Black Feminism Reimagined: After Intersectionality by Jennifer Nash







 







A Taste for Brown Sugar: Black Women in Pornography by Mireille Miller-Young







 







Passionate Uprisings: Iran’s Sexual Revolution by Pardis Mahdavi







 







State Crime in the Global Age by William J. Chambliss, Raymond Michalowski & Ronald Kramer







 







The Color of Kink: Black Women, BDSM, and Pornography by Ariane Cruz 







 







State-Corporate Crime: Wrongdoing at the Intersection of Business and Government by Raymond J.  Michalowski & Ronald C. Kramer







 







Normal Life: Administrative Violence, Critical Trans Politics and the Limits of Law by Dean Spade







 







War on Terror, Inc.: Corporate Profiteering from the Politics of Fear by Solomon Hughes







 







State Criminality: The Crime of All Crimes by Dawn Rothe







 







Attendance and class participation:







Students are expected to attend all classes, to arrive on time, and be prepared to contribute to the group learning process. NOTE: Students are expected to contact (via e-mail) if, for some reason, they are not able to attend class. They are responsible for keeping up with their readings and other assignments.







 







*An additional Note about Participation:







 







In order to create and maintain a classroom environment that encourages interactive class synergy and critical thinking, respectful behavior, preparation, and active participation is a necessity.







 







Appropriate class participation is defined as follows:







 







1)      Regular, on time attendance







2)      Attentive non-verbal behavior







3)      Raising questions and comments







4)      Facilitating discussion







5)      Participating in constructive and respectful class dialogue with the instructor and other students







6)      Listening to your fellow classmates (including no side talk and no texting, surfing the net, etc.)







7)      Building on and respectfully responding to the other students’ comments







8)      Drawing classmates into discussion (be willing to risk sharing the floor)







9)      Active participation in practice exercises and other in-class learning activities







 







Please know that just because you are physically present for the class does not mean that you are participating.  Participation means to actively participate, demonstrating attentiveness, respect and interest through verbal and nonverbal communication. Also, participation does not necessarily mean just talking a lot.







 







Grading







 







Grades will be based on: attendance and participation, 4 reflection papers, summary of readings presentation, final research/social media paper, and book review presentation.  Attendance is required and missing more than one class will affect your final grade.







 







The final course grade will be calculated based on the following elements:







 







4 Reflection Papers                                                   40%







Summary of Readings Presentation                          10%    







Final Research/Social Media Paper                          35%







Book Presentation                                                     5%







Class Attendance and Participation                          10%







 







*“Shit-happensClause: One writing assignment, a 3-day extension. No explanation needed.*







 







General Grade Scale







 











 







A = 95 – 100              B = 83 – 86                C = 73 – 76                D = 63 – 66     







A- = 90 – 94               B- = 80 – 82               C- = 70 – 72               D- = 60 – 62







B+ = 87 – 89              C+ = 77 – 79              D+ = 67 – 69              F = Below 60







 







Special Accommodations and Adherences







 







All instructors adhere to University and School policies regarding accommodations for students with disabilities, religious holidays, incomplete grades, and plagiarism as set forth in the Student Handbook.  Any student with a documented disability (e.g., physical, learning, visual, psychiatric, hearing, etc.), who needs reasonable accommodation, must be registered with the Moses Center for Students with Disabilities at 719 Broadway, Tel. (212) 998-4980 (or see NYU Home page, Student Life for link to Moses Center). Teachers must be notified of any requests for reasonable accommodation at the beginning of the semester







 







Policy on Electronic Devices







 







Electronic devises may be used in the classroom only for learning activities directly and immediately related to this course (e.g., note taking). All other devices must be turned off. If you must be reached in a work or child-care related emergency, please make arrangements with the instructor prior to class. Routine electronic communications, including use of the Internet, are not permitted during class. Failure to observe these restrictions during class will count as an absence for that day.







 







Course Evaluation







 







Student feedback of this course and its instruction is encouraged throughout the semester.  Students will be asked to complete a formal evaluation of the course at the semester’s end consistent with the policy of the Silver School of Social Work.







Schedule of Classes







 























































































































































































































































































































































Session/Date









Topics









Reading









Session 1







Jan 28, 2020









Introduction















  • Introduction






  • Sign-up for Discussion Facilitation Dates












 







In class: Video What are intimacy and companionship when your loved one is made of silicone?









Session 2







Feb 4, 2020









Defining Deviance







 







 















  • Liazos: “The Poverty of the Sociology of Deviance: Nuts, Sluts, and Perverts”






  • Erikson: “On the Sociology of Deviance”






  • Bennett & Sanchez: Psychopathology or Deviance: Treatment or Intervention?














Session 3







Feb 11, 2020









Defining Deviance, & Intersectionality







 















  • Heckert & Heckert: “Using an Integrated Typology of Deviance to Analyze Ten Middle-Class Norms of the U.S. Middle Class”






  • Adewunmi: “Kimberle Crenshaw on intersectionality: ‘I wanted to come up with an everyday metaphor that anyone could use.’”












 







Read 2-3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Earp: “Boys and Girls Alike”






  • Khazan: “Why Some Women Choose to Get Circumcised”






  • Bruan: “In Search of (Better) Sexual Pleasure: Female Genital ‘Cosmetic’ Surgery”






  • Crenshaw: “Race to the Bottom”






  • Nash: “Re-thinking Intersectionality”






  • Wade: “Learning from Female Genital Mutilation”












 







Recommended:













  • Crenshaw: “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color”






  • Combahee River Collective: “The Combahee River Collective Statement”














Session 4







Feb 18, 2020









Theories: Relativism, Absolutism







 







Topics:







Love, Desire, Beauty, Sexuality







 















  • Hills: “Absolutism and Relativism View of Social Deviance: Toward a Humanistic Perspective”












 







Read 2-3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Gebrial: “Decolonizing Desire: The Politics of Love”






  • Sheff & Hammers: “Polyamorous Women, Sexual Subjectivity and Power”






  • Marsh: “Love Among the Objectum Sexuals”






  • Simner, Hughes & Sagiv: “Objectum Sexuality: A Sexual Orientation Linked with Autism and Synaesthesia”






  • Foucault: Excerpts from The History of Sexuality, Part II The Repressive Hypothesis












-          “The Incitement to Discourse”







-          “The Perverse Implantation”













  • Apostolides: “The Pleasure of Pain”






  • Ziegler, Matsick, Moors, Rubin, & Conley: “Does Monogamy Harm Women? Deconstructing Monogamy with a Feminist Lens”












 







Recommended:













  • Klesse: “Notions of Love in Polyamory—Elements in a Discourse on Multiple Loving”






  • Haritaworn, Lin, & Klesse: “Poly/logue: A Critical Introduction to Polyamory”






  • Castello: “Cultural Relativism and the Study of Deviance”






  • Atkinson & Young: “Flesh Journeys: The Radical Body Modification of Neoprimitives”






  • Robinson: “Polyamory and Monogamy as Strategic Identities”














Session 5







Feb 25, 2020









Theories:







Social Power,







Conflict Theory







 







Topics:







Desire, Beauty, Sexuality Part II















  • Spitzer: “Toward a Marxian Theory of Deviance” or






  • Wozniak et al.: “Richard Quinney’s The Social Reality of Crime: A Marked Departure from the Reinterpretation of Traditional Criminology”












 







Read 3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Nair: “From Queer to Gay: The Rise and Fall of Milo”






  • Durkin: “Show Me the Money: Cybershrews and On-Line Money Masochist”






  • Hasinoff, “Sexting as Media Production: Rethinking Social Media and Sexuality”






  • Durkin & Hundersmarck, “Pedophiles and Child Molesters”






  • Miller-Young: “Hip-Hop Honeys and Da Hustlas: Black Sexualities in the New Hip-Hop Pornography”






  • Jones: “’I Get Paid to Have Orgasm’: Adult Webcam Models’ Negotiation with Pleasure and Danger”






  • Sheff: “The Privilege of Perversities: Race, Class and Education Among Polyamorists and Kinksters”












 







Recommended:







 













  • Nair: “Can We Talk?: Censorship, Pedophilia, and Panic”






  • Lippman & Campbell: “Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don’t.. If You’re a Girl: Relational and Normative Contexts of Adolescent Sexting in the United States.”






  • Calvin: “Why I Visit Prostitutes”














Session 6







Mar 3, 2020









Theory:







Functionalism







 







Topic:







Poverty















  • Durkheim: “Functionalism: The Normal and the Pathological”






  • Gans: “The Positive Functions of Poverty”












 







Read 2-3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Feldman: “Trashed: Inside the Deadly World of Private Garbage Collection”






  • Badger: “Why the Poor Pay More for Toilet Paper –and Just About Everything Else”






  • Gans: “The Uses of Poverty: The Poor Pay All”






  • Cottom: “Why Do Poor People ‘Waste’ Money on Luxury Goods?”






  • Delgado: “US Blood Plasma Industry Targets Poor and Working Class”






  • Valiente, Abdelmalek, & Pearle: “Why Thousands of Low-Income Americans ‘Donate’ Their Blood Plasma to For-Profit Centers”






  • Thompson: “A Functionalist Theory of Social Domination”












 







Recommended:







 













  • Jaravel: “The Unequal Gains from Product Innovations: Evidence from the US Retail Sector”






  • Feldman: “Ex-Sanitation Salvage Workers Protest: “All We Want Is for Them to Pay Us What They Owe Us”






  • Edin & Shaefter: “Blood Plasma, Sweat, and Tears”






  • Shaefer & Ochoa: “How Blood-Plasma Companies Target the Poorest Americans”














Session 7







Mar 10, 2020









Theory:







Anomie







 







Topics:







Elite deviance, state deviance, corporate deviance







 







 















  • Merton: “Social Structure and Anomie”












 







Read 3-4 articles of your choice:







 













  • Cole: “The Crimes of Seal Team 6”






  • Cohn: “Trump is the Third President to Lie About Afghan War Success”






  • Harris & Walter: “They thought they were going to rehab. They ended up in chicken plants”






  • Keefe: “The Family That Built an Empire of Pain”






  • Interview with Prof. Nikhil Pal Singh: “America’s Long War”






  • Interview with Prof. Marjorie Cohn: “It Was Illegal and Still Is Illegal”






  • Rothe & Ross: “Private Military Contractors, Crime, and the Terrain of Unaccountability”






  • Rothe & Michalowski: “Empire and Exceptionalism: The Bush Administration’s Criminal War Against Iraq”






  • Klein: “How Power Profits from Disaster”






  • Kramer: “Carbon in the Atmosphere and Power in America: Climate Change as State-Corporate Crime”






  • Anderson: “Punishing El Chapo and Preserving US Hegemony”






  • Barak: “Revisiting Crimes by the Capitalist State”






  • Crawford: “Pentagon Fuel Use, Climate Change and the Costs of War”






  • Eisinger: “Why Manafort and Cohen Thought They’d Get Away With It”












 







Recommended:







 













  • Herron et al.: “The Disaster of Hurricane Katrina: Malfeasance, Official Deviance and the Failure to Serve and Protect a Community”






  • Bradshaw: “Deepwater, Deep Ties, Deep Trouble: A State-Corporate Environmental Crime Analysis of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill”






  • Mestrovic & Lorenzo: “Durkheim’s Concept of Anomie and the Abuse at Abu Ghraib”














Mar 17, 2020









Spring Break









No Class









Session 8







Mar 24, 2020









Theory:







Social Learning and Control Theories







 







 















  • Hirschi & Gottfredson: “Social Control Theories”






  • Bauer & Tittle: “Social Learning Theory and Human Reinforcement”












 







Read 2 articles of your choice:







 













  • Church, Jaggers, & Taylor: “Neighborhood, Poverty, and Negative Behavior: An Examination of Differential Association and Social Control Theory”






  • Zembroski: “Sociological Theories of Crime and Delinquency”






  • Kathleen Blee: “White Supremacy as Extreme Deviance”






  • Bradshaw: “A Rose by Any Other Name: State Criminality and the Limits of Social Learning Theory”






  • Saletan: “Situationist Ethics: The Stanford Prison Experiment Doesn’t Explain Abu Ghraib”














Session 9







Mar 31, 2020









Theories:







Constructionist theory, Labeling theory







 







Topic:







Vice Careers















  • Best: “The Constructionist Stance” and/or






  • Hamlin: “Labeling Theory”












 







Read 3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Reinarman, “The Social Construction of Drug Scarce”






  • Admunson, Zajicek, & Hunt: “Pathologies of the Poor: What Do the War on Drugs and Welfare Reform Have in Common?”






  • Solomon & Baksh: “Evaluating the Drug War on Its 40th Birthday by the Numbers”






  • Karandinos: “Cashing in on Despair”






  • Reinarman & Levine: “Crack in Context: Politics and Media in the Making of a Drug Scare”






  • Reinarman & Levine: “Crack in the Rearview Mirror: Deconstructing Drug War Mythology”






  • ACLU: Report: “The War on Marijuana in Black and White”






  • Sampson & Raudenbush: “Seeing Disorder: Neighborhood Stigma and the Social Construction of ‘Broken Windows’”






  • Levine: “The Secret of Worldwide Drug Prohibition: The Varieties and Uses of Drug Prohibition”






  • Murphy & Venkatesh: “Vice Careers: The Changing Contours of Sex Work in New York City”






  • Sebag-Montefiore: “Male Escorts”






  • Merriam: “An American Summer: On Running a DC Brothel”






  • Calida: “They Think They Have a PhD in Whoreology: ‘How Lobbying for Sex Worker Rights Helps Educate Us All”














Session 10







Apr 7, 2020









Theories:







Feminist theories







 







 















  • Butler: “For White Girls Only?: Postfeminism and the Politics of Inclusion”






  • Fernandes: “Unsettling ‘Third Wave Feminism’: Feminist Waves, Intersectionality, and Identity Politics in Retrospect”












 







Read 2-3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Hernandez & Wallace: “Nicki Minaj and Pretty Taking All Fades: Performing the Erotics of Feminist Solidarity”






  • Smith: “’Or a Real, Real Bad Lesbian’: Nicki Minaj and the Acknowledgement of Queer Desire in Hip-Hop Culture”






  • Allen: “Unpacking Transphobia in Feminism”






  • Connell: “Transsexual Women and Feminist Thought: Toward New Understanding and New Politics”






  • Rogers: “The Invention of the Heterosexual”












 







Recommended:













  • Blaustein: “Bangladesh’s Third Gender”






  • Boylorn: “The Bold and Beautiful Possibilities of a Transgender Storyline on Daytime”






  • Padawer: “What’s So Bad about A Boy Who Wants to Wear a Dress?”














Session 11







Apr 14, 2020









Moral Panic and Crusades







 















  • Cohen: “Whose Side Were We On? The Undeclared Politics of Moral Panic Theory”












 







Read 3 articles of your choice:







 













  • Weitzer: “The Social Construction of Sex Trafficking: Ideology and institutionalization of a Moral Crusade”






  • Waldron: “Cyberbullying: The Social Construction of a Moral Panic”






  • Jenkins: “Failure to Launch: Why Do Some Social Issues Fail to Detonate Moral Panic?”






  • Marcus et al.: “Conflict and Agency Among Sex Workers and Pimps: A Closer Look at Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking”






  • Markey & Ferguson: “Teaching us to Fear: The Violent Video Game Moral Panic and the Politics of Game Research”






  • Lee et al., “’Let’s Get Sexting’: Risk, Power, Sex and Criminalization in the Moral Domain”






  • Markey & Ferguson: “Teaching Us to Fear: The Violent Video Game Moral Panic and the Politics of Game Research”














Session 12







Apr 21, 2020









Policy and Practice Implications







 









Read 4 articles of your choice:







 













  • Chunn: “Welfare Law, Welfare Fraud, and the Moral Regulation of the ‘Never Deserving’ Poor”






  • Goldberg: “Economic Inequality and Economic Crisis: A Challenge for Social Workers”






  • Flaherty: “Saviors” believe that they are better than the people they are “saving”






  • Hobbes: “Stop Trying to Save the World”






  • Giridharadas: “The New Elite’s Phoney Crusade to Save the World –Without Changing Anything”






  • Bickford: “’We All Like to Think We’ve Saved Somebody’: Sex Trafficking in Literature”












 







Recommended:







 













  • Ferguson & Markey: “Please Stop Resurrecting the Moral Panic Over Video Games and School Shootings”






  • Law: “How savior mentality stands in the way of solidarity organizing: An interview with Jordan Flaherty”






  • Crabapple: “Special Prostitution Courts and the Myths of ‘Rescuing’ Sex Workers”














Session 13







Apr 28, 2020









Book Presentation















  • Book Review Presentation – Day 1














Session 14







May 5, 2019









Book Presentation















  • Book Review Presentation – Day 2












 











 







Reflection Papers







































































































Entry









Date/Topic









1









 









2









 









3









 









4









 











 







Book Review Presentation



















































































































































































































































Date







(4/28 or 5/5)









Book Title









Names









4/28









 







 









 









4/28









 







 









 









4/28









 







 









 









4/28









 







 









 









4/28









 







 









 









5/5









 







 









 









5/5









 







 









 









5/5









 







 









 









5/5









 







 









 









5/5









 







 









 











 







Book Review Presentation:
Students will review a book with a classmate(s) and jointly present it at the end of the semester. Presentation can be done utilizing any method comfortable for the students (oral, PowerPoint, Prezi, video clips, etc.). At minimum, this 10-15 minute presentation should describe: 1) major messages/ lessons; 2) background of the book/author(s); 3) relevance to our understanding of deviance and taboos; 4) implication for social work or your professional/academic field.

Speech Presentation Sample Content Preview:

Book Review Presentation
Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Date:
Background of the Book
Queer Excursions: Retheorizing Binaries in Language, Gender, and Sexuality, is a compilation of interdisciplinary theoretical and methodological approaches to addressing the binary conceptualization intersecting between language, gender, and sexuality. The book offers diverse perspectives by using different scholars from linguistics, anthropology, and social studies for a unique analysis of the relationship between the disciplines and community-specific contexts. It analyzes the shift in interpreting gender and sexuality through their reflection in language use. The derivation from different disciplines presents the book with a varying view and analysis from the various communities studied in the text. It covers how different communities interpret the binary structures as indicated through the accommodation, or constraint, in their linguistic practices. It includes linguistic structures and methods of communities like the Nigerian Hausa, Israel, and Indians to show not only interdisciplinary but also inter-community overlaps in conceptualizing queerness.
Major Messages and Lessons
The book begins with an overview of the binary interpretation of gender and sexuality and the recognition of its insufficiency as the basis of understanding the non-normative intersections of sexual identification. The overview is through coverage of how the interpretation of gender and sexuality has evolved based on the binary concept both as the line of distinction (and blur) in understanding the differences between gender and sexuality. It presents the need for re-theorizing the idea of dichotomy in interpreting sexual identities through researching the development of linguistic constructions of gender and sexuality.
The first content chapter of the book; The Discursive Construction of Sex: Remaking and reclaiming the gendered body in the talk about genitals among trans men, by Lal Zimman, reiterates that the difference between sex and gender is more depended on the cultural and historical aspects than it is on the physical ones. The chapter covers the cultural and historical connections between sex and gender and how references to both are interlinked. The author highlights the shortcomings of assigning sexual references gender meaning by covering how-transgender men use language to talk about their bodies without affecting their identity as men. The chapter shows the disadvantage of assigning gendered meaning to sexual contexts as it alienates the trans-men and overlooks their male character. To support this hypothesis, the author used words like dick, cunt, penis, and vagina and the association they draw from their use in online platforms referring to trans-men sexual parts. Compounded words like boy-cunt and referring to oneself in the third person are some of the linguistic applications used to describe the sexual parts without losing the gender identity. It showcases the need for a clear distinction between the physiological and cultural aspects of male-female differentiation.
The third chapter, Speech creates a kind of commitment: Queering Hebrew by Orit Bershtling the linguistic considerations in the Hebrew language because it has a unique grammatical gender system. The chapter highlights the linguistic practices employed by queer Hebrews to navigate the gender markers the identification posed by the use of conventional language. The author expounds on how language can be used to either identify with or disassociate from a particular gender. From conducting online interviews with six transgender individuals from Israel, she identified techniques like avoiding person and tense forms that are marked for gender with those that lack such markers and neologistically combining masculine and feminine styles in their speech to express themselves. The view presented by such illustrations is that the linguistic disadvantage presented by such a binary linguistic structure acts as an advantage helping the queer Hebrew express themselves in a non-normative way for easy identification by either affiliation or disassociation. The inter-contextual use (or lack) of linguistic gender markers in languages like Hebrew helps gender-queer individuals to navigate the binary boundaries to express themselves better. The main idea that the author illustrated is that linguistic, structural norms are not inhibitors but rather magnifiers of expression for transgender people.
The next chapter highlights the identity struggles of 'two-spirit' individuals from the indigenous North American community with their ethnographic and the conventional LGBTQ entities. The section covers the native Indian concept or queerness and the identity it holds to the individuals concerning gender and sex identities. The author presents a new type of queerness that does not identify with defined binary divisions. The ‘two-spirit’ community encompasses elements of the LGBTQ but is more comprehensive without divisions between the identity and roles assigned by native binary norms. The ‘two-spirit’ community is an illustration of an approach to binarity where one can identify with more than one classification. The main message of the chapter is that the interpretation of gender and sexuality is dependent on the overlap of cultural and individual identity figments.
Evelyn Blackwood explores the linguistic adaptation used in the lesbi world to create a differentiation in gender roles within their non-normative sexual relationships. The author studies tombois and their girlfriends in Sumatra, Indonesia, and the language tactics they use to express their masculinity in their relationships. The chapter identifies a new category of identity within the queer community that is set apart by its set apart gendered roles within the same sexual orientation. Waria, the native language, has gender marked pronouns, which m...
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