Public Policy: Analysis of the Individual Mandate

Public Policy
Analysis of the Individual Mandate
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Public Policy: Analysis of the Individual Mandate
The quality of health care in a nation determines the economic stability and development of the country. Former president Barrack Obama stands out as one of the most notable leaders who led radical changes in the health sector with the aim of improving accessibility and affordability of health care services. Despite the success in launching Obamacare, the new regime under President Donald Trump has seen the efforts of improving the health care sector being thwarted and very little attention given to it. The medical management charges have been on the rise as the years move. The number of those not insured is high as compared to the past. Despite that, the health care amendment is not unique for the current government. This research will explore the worldview bases for the individual mandate, worldview bases for the various oppositions to the individual mandate, the conflicting views of the role and limits of government concerning the mandate, and the ideas and worldviews that shaped those conflicting views.
Background
A great number of Americans including those in the healthcare occupation were optimistic for the health care renovation in the 1990s. When Bill wanted to be the president, he fabricated healthcare transformation the key piece of his movement platform. As he became the president, he immediately started working on the transformation of health care. Sadly, it failed after two months of planning meetings with those who supported the reform and those against it. Twenty years later Obamacare was established to cater to the ever-rising cost of healthcare in the United States and especially for uninsured citizens. In 2010, the Obama government formulated “the patient protection and affordable care act.” Nevertheless, Congress rejected Obama’s suggestion for healthcare transformation. In 2012, the American supreme court eventually gave a ruling on the matter, and as a result, the Affordable Health Care Act was effected in 2016.
Several citizens were optimistic that the just-enacted regulation would transform medical insurance and health coverage in the entire nation. Obamacare refers to health coverage transformation that dilates and enhances access to solicitude as well as restricts spending via laws and taxes. Among the most significant foregrounds of the Affordable Health Care Act are dilating Medicaid to every mature citizen in numerous states and hence enhancing Medicare for adults along with people ailing from long-term disorders. Additionally, Obamacare was to expand employer coverage to numerous workers giving citizens various fresh privileges as well as entitlements and securities for the health coverage. However, two contended and fiercely argued sections of the act are the individual mandate which requires citizens to acquire insurance and the fresh levies, levy breaks and subventions.[BIBLIOGRAPHY \l 1033 "What is Obamacare." Obamacare facts. n.d. http://obamacarefacts.com/whatis-obamacare/ (accessed 03 09, 2017).]
While some citizens have gained from the Affordable Health Care Act, the alternative is that several are exasperated by it too. Resistance has existed and the debate of different perspectives about Obamacare particularly the individual mandate provision. The Individual mandate provision “requires that most Americans obtain and maintain health insurance, or an exemption, each month or pay a tax penalty.” The mandate was effected at the start of 2014 and was to be progressive. The fines could be computed utilizing two district techniques when people file their national revenue levies. When the fines were introduced in 2014, they were small. However, the fines took a progressive increase every year the Act was being implemented.[2Mcdonough, John E. “Revisiting the Land of the Individual Mandate.” The Milbank Quarterly, vol. 96, no. 2, 2018, pp. 219–222., doi:10.1111/1468-0009.12322.]
Worldview bases for the “Individual Mandate.”
As earlier mentioned, health coverage transformation is not a unique aspect to the people in government as well as the citizens of the United States. The health care transformation can even be dated back to 1993 when Clinton was president. The conservative financial experts in the 80s were exploring means via which they would prevent free-riding in health coverage minus using the financier system that most nations utilize.
According to Mark Pauly who is a professor in the school of business, the University of Pennsylvania was among the financial experts exploring means to contradict the broad-minded call for a standard health coverage system financed by the state. The mandate interested the conservatives since “it called for individual responsibility to address what economists were calling the ‘free-rider effect.” During this period, the Democrats were against the individual mandate and instead called for the financier system as well as worker responsibility.[Rovner, Julie. "Republicans spurn once-favored health mandate." NPR - WPSU. 02 15, 2010./templates/story/story.php?storyId=123670612 (accessed 03 09, 2017).]
The professor’s mandate was later established further by Stuart Butler who wrote an outline in the Heritage Foundation called ‘Assuring Affordable Health Care for All Americans.’ The writer contrasted the responsibility to an aspect every citizen could associate with the need to carry automobile responsibility insurance. The foundation initiated the establishment of concept for the Congress. Numerous established countries across the globe use some common health coverage. Either financier, two-tier or insurance responsibility. “Single payer health insurance is a system which a single public or quasi-public agency organizes healthcare financing, but the care remains largely in private hands.” Presently, 15 nations use a financier health coverage system. “A two-tier system provides guaranteed care for all citizens, but a parallel system exists where individuals can purchase care faster and often in more pleasant surroundings.” Presently, nine nations use a two-tier healthcare structure. “Insurance mandate requires people to purchase healthcare from private companies.” The American nation is among the eight established nations that use the insurance responsibility health coverage structure.[BIBLIOGRAPHY \l 1033 Klein, Ezra. "Unpopular mandate." The New Yorker. 06 25, 2012./magazine/2012/06/25/unpopular-mandate (accessed 03 09, 2017).] ["What is a single payer?" Physicians for a national health program. 2016./facts/what-is-single-payer (accessed 03 09, 2017).] [Smith, Eldon R. "A two-tiered health care system: Is here anything new?" The Canadian Journal ofCardiology, 09 2007: 915-916.] [Marshall, Laura. "What is the difference between single payer, two-tier, and insurance mandatehealthcare system?" Quora. 02 08...