Introduction to Demography, Research Paper

Demography Research Paper
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The paper evaluates and asses the demographic experience of two countries, a more developed nation (Denmark) and a less developed (Malawi) from 1950 to 2015. The availed data in terms of table and graphs provides practical data regarding the demographic situations of the two countries from the online standing. The main features indicated in the graphed data provided demographic data trends assess a variety of demographic measures of population change and analyzes the theory of the demographic transition.Figure1. The population growth rate, crude death rate, and crude birth rate in Malawi and the Denmark from 1950-2015
Annual range Life expectancy at birth Total fertility rate (TFR)MalawiDenmarkMalawiDenmark1950-1955
1955-1960
1960-1965
1965-1970
1970-1975
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
2000-2005
2005-2010
36.32
37.27
38.47
39.55
41.81
43.44
45.34
46.70
47.27
46.12
46.84
51.56
70.93
72.08
72.43
72.88
73.61
74.28
74.45
74.75
75.24
76.04
77.26
78.56
6.78
6.84
7.00
7.20
7.40
7.60
7.58
7.40
6.60
6.44
6.07
5.83
2.55
2.55
2.58
2.27
1.96
1.68
1.43
1.54
1.75
1.76
1.76
1.85
From the tabled data regarding Life expectancy at birth, Malawi has consistent low Life expectancy rate for its population at below 51.66 years. The Life expectancy at birth in the country has been steadily growing from the 36.32 in 1950 -1955 to the largest number in 2005-2010 at 51.56. This case might be attributed the increased adoption of modern or conventional medical care to the population of the developing countries. Most of the developing countries in Africa and Asian nations share the same features amongst its population. Denmark on contrary has stable high Life expectancy at birth rate ranging between 70.93 and 78.56. Denmark also has improved Life expectancy at birth which started at 70.93 in 1950-1955 to eventual 78.56 in 2005 -2010.
Denmark is a developed country as compared to Malawi which is an emerging country in Africa. According to (Dyson & Economic and Social Research Council 2010), developing nations have a group of related challenges that reduces the life expectancy of its population including diseases, political instability, and many other problems. Developed countries have separate problems as compared to the developing nations but they do not have much impact on the population. Medical care in the developed nation is relatively world class thus illnesses derived from viral and bacterial pathogens or germs are excellently controlled. Deaths in the developed nations are mainly due to cancer, lifestyle and accidents cases. Cancer is highly related old age in most cases (Caldwell & Caldwell, 2006).
Consistent with (Engelgau & World Bank, 2011), the two countries expose differing Total fertility features. Malawi has high (highest is 7.6 and lowest is 5.83) fertility rate as compared to Denmark (highest 2.58 and lowest is 1.43). Total fertility rate exposed by Malawi is attributed to the young age at which girls are married off. Developing nations have poor plans for the girl child as most of them are married of f on attaining the age of 14 or during adolescent. The developed nations on contrary have excellent educational plan for the girl-child. The variation in the educational system allows for great variation in marriage age for which developed nation marry off their girl-children at 28 and above while developing nations marry off their girl-children at 20 or below (Engelgau & World Bank, 2011). Girls are more fertile at young age. The use of the modern birth control pills, women employment and education systems is the main cause for the huge disparity in the women falling in the developed and developing nations brackets. While developed nations have low Total fertility rate the they have high life expectancy indicating the life standards in developed is contrastingly high as compared to the developing thus ensuring that any child born reaches old age.
The two exhibit falling trends in Total fertility rate from the 1950-1955 to 2005-2010 as Malawi indicates 6.78- 5.83, and Denmark’s indicates 2.55-1.85 reduction in fertility rates. It is worth noting that the falling fertility is balanced by the increasing life expectancy rates in both countries.
Fig: demographic regimesAccording to Frank W. Notestein, the demographic transition avails important regards for the evaluation of the modern population data inherent in the society (Dyson & Economic and Social Research Council 2010). To comprehend the assortment of demographic sections or regimes notable in various countries across the world there is an importance in understanding of the history of demographic transformation globally.
The modern demographic transition theory provides a generalized and important tool for analyzing and describing the changing outline of mortality, growth rates, and fertility and varying from one demographic regime (Engelgau & World Bank, 2011). The term demographic regime was designed by the Frank W. Notestein who is a notable American demographer. According to (Dyson & Economic and Social Research Council 2010), the term has inherently been expanded to cover larger sections in the study of the population science. According to the theory, there are four categorical segments of the classical demographic...