Effects of Polar Aromatic Compounds on Carbon Quantum Dot's Wavelength

Effects of Polar Aromatic Compounds on Carbon Quantum Dot's Wavelength
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Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical, electrical, and biological properties. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis, properties, and applications of CQDs, focusing on their biomedical applications (Wang et al., 2019). The review covers the various methods of CQD synthesis, including top-down and bottom-up approaches. It discusses the factors affecting their photoluminescence properties, such as size, surface functionalization, and impurities (Singh & Singh, 2019). The potential applications of CQDs in biosensing, imaging, drug delivery, and therapeutics are also discussed, emphasizing their biocompatibility and low toxicity. Finally, the review highlights the current challenges and future directions in CQD research, including the need for standardized characterization techniques and the development of scalable synthesis methods for large-scale production. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of CQD research and its potential as a promising material for biomedical applications.
Keywords: CDQs, biomedical applications, biosensing, biomedicine, nanomedicine.
Effects of Polar Aromatic Compounds on Carbon Quantum Dot's Wavelength
Introduction
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as a promising class of fluorescent carbon nanoparticle, offering a range of unique and attractive properties that make them a promising candidate for a wide range of applications, particularly in biomedicine and nanomedicine. Since their discovery in 2004, researchers have been exploring the properties and potential applications of CQDs, particularly their distinct excitation-dependent photoluminescence and high fluorescence quantum yield, which allow for stronger fluorescence intensity signals compared to other quantum dots (QDs) and color manipulation by varying the excitation wavelength.[Ngafwan et al]
CQDs have already shown potential in enhancing optical imaging systems' selective-detecting and sensing performance. However, their integration into practical applications is still hindered by several challenges, such as the influence of biological contaminants commonly found in the environment, particularly aromatic organic compounds (AOC), on CQDs' fluorescent emission spectra. The effect of AOCs on CQDs' fluorescence spectra remains relatively unknown, which limits the understanding of their performance and potential applications in real-world scenarios.[Ngafwan et al]
In order to address this gap, the study analyzes the fluorescence spectrum of citric acid-based CQDs in the presence of polar aromatic compounds to understand their effects on the spectra, ranging from the deep UV to near IR. The research builds on existing literature exploring CQDs' properties and potential applications, particularly in biomedicine and nanomedicine. For instance, Singh and Singh (2019) investigated the potential of CQDs for enhancing optical imaging performance, while Sahu et al. (2012) explored the unique photoluminescence properties of CQDs. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the impact of AOCs on CQDs' fluorescence spectra. It will help to advance the understanding of their behaviour in real-world scenarios and ultimately facilitate their integration into biomedical and nanomedicine applications.
In summary, this research recognizes the importance of CQDs in biomedicine and nanomedicine. It identifies the impact of AOCs on CQDs' fluorescence spectra as a critical research gap. By building on existing literature and exploring this research question, the study aims to advance the understanding CQDs and ultimately facilitate their integration into practical applications.
Materials and Methods
The relevance of research in nanomedicine lies in its ability to provide innovative solutions to pressing biomedical challenges. However, to ensure that the results of such research apply to biological systems, it is essential to maintain as many similarities as possible to the actual environment in which they will be used. In this regard, the study aims to simulate the environment of a human body, specifically blood, by using water as a solvent and sodium bicarbonate as a buffer.
We will use CQDs derived from citric acid to investigate the behavior of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in this simulated environment. Citric acid is a naturally occurring organic acid in citrus fruits and is commonly used as a food additive. The CQDs will be synthesized using the citric acid microwave method, which involves heating citric acid and a suitable amine precursor in a microwave oven. This method has been shown to produce CQDs with good fluorescence properties and biocompatibility. To improve the fluorescence of the CQDs, we will dope them with diethylenetriamine. Doping refers to introducing impurities into a semiconductor to modify its electronic properties (Yao, Zhang & Yang, 2019). In the case of CQDs, doping can improve their fluorescence properties by increasing the number of active sites on their surface.[Ngafwan et al]
After synthesizing and doping the CQDs, we will use UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyze their fluorescence properties in the simulated biological environment. For this, we will use a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, which passes a beam of light through a sample and measures the amount of light absorbed or transmitted by the sample at different wavelengths. We will use a UV-Vis spectrophotometer equipped with a fluorescence detector to measure the fluorescence emission spectra of the CQDs. To prepare the samples for analysis, we will dissolve the CQDs in deionized water and add small amounts of polar biological aromatic compounds.[Wang et al. reviewed the preparation, properties, and electrocatalytic application of carbon quantum dots]
We will then add sodium bicarbonate buffer to adjust the pH to around 7.4. We will analyze the fluorescence emission spectra of the CQDs at different concentrations of the biological aromatic compounds to study their effect on their fluorescence properties. To ensure the accuracy of the results, we will perform the experiments in triplicate and calculate the average of the results. We will also use appropriate statistical tests to analyze the data and determine the significance of any observed differences. Overall, to study aims to provide insights into the behavior of CQDs in a simulated biological environment and their potential applications in nanomedicine.[Wang et al. reviewed the preparation, properties, and electrocatalyti...