My Brain's Secret Life
I wanna research something based on my personal experience - why some students are better at math and science than others. Since my childhood, I always feel like my female friends and myself are not as good at math as my male classmates. I’m interested in investigating how it relates to the human brain and why it would be a difference in different gender. Since it is a research project, please focus on researching how the human brain relates to this behavior. For instance, use several studies or theories to support the conclusion. Thanks a lot.
Below is the paper prompt from professor
The prompt is "My Brain's Secret Life". Think of it as a research project on your own mind.
Almost every second of our lives is filled with thoughts. They come and go at lightning speed, messy, unformed, unnoticed, unfinished. They can take many forms: shreds of sentences, words, images, places, faces, feelings, emotions. They can trigger one another, like a never-ending chain of dominoes, they can produce associations or ignite memories. Some stick to the point of obsession and discomfort, some – the vast majority – disappear without a trace. It is your job to capture them. Pay attention to your mind. Catch fleeting thoughts as they are fading, slow them down, and ask yourself “why did I think that?”. Force yourself to finish thoughts that are left unfinished. Break them down to base elements. Analyze them, like scientists analyze the world. This is not the way you normally handle thoughts – but it can be trained. What did I just feel? Why did I experience this? Why did I just think of something seemingly unrelated? Why did I just use this phrase? Where did I learn this? Why do I have this habit? It helps you understand what's going on under the hood of your brain. It takes practice, but once you are good at it, it's worth it. There's another word for it: mindfulness. Mindfulness is essentially awareness of your mind. What I ask you to do is exercise that awareness and treat it with scientific precision.
Some examples of what can be done here. One student from a previous year wrote a fantastic essay using a game she called "Don't look right". She would be going about her day and then suddenly force herself to not look right. She would try to remember everything that's there, and then check to see how much she missed. It always seemed as if she knew the room very well, but inevitably it turned out she was missing almost every detail, except, she observed, the things she had previously interacted with.
Another student wrote an essay about music perception, where she analyzed why she liked particular kinds of music and disliked others. She tried to understand why some songs get stuck in her head, so she did some reading on the reward system of the brain, and related it to her own experience. She correctly guessed that "earworms" are a form of brain's self-stimulation, which happens more often when you are bored. It also explains what songs, or rather moments of songs, get stuck in your head – the moments that had previously caused you a moment of pleasure. The brain is trying to get some more of that pleasure, which you experience as a song playing in your head.
Other people wrote about bilingualism and how their personality changes in different languages; food cravings and their patterns through several weeks of observation; filler words and how their frequency changes depending on mood and confidence; cognitive distortions experienced when playing poker; the staple New York habit of jaywalking and how it works in other cities, and so on. There are endless possibilities and as always I encourage you to think outside the box. Start thinking about it now – the best essays are based on long-term observations.
One topic that I want to address specifically is the reward system, which will be the focus of our next class. I have mentioned it to many of you in private conversations and in comments to your group projects, because dopamine and reward are by far the most common subject that people pick in both contexts. It is a natural direction to go, because once you try to write about anything you like and why you like it, you inevitably end up on dopamine. But it's not an easy subject which is very easy to mess up, so be careful. Perhaps the most common essay that I see (and internally call "The Dopamine Essay") is always structured like this: "Why do I like X? Scientists say that when I eat it, it produces dopamine! It’s like drugs! Turns out, there's a scientific reason for why I like X. The end." You will not get an A for an essay like that. Here are some tips on how to handle the reward system if that's the route you're going:
1) Don't confuse dopamine and serotonin (they are very different and do very different things) and please never, ever use the phrase "feel-good chemicals". It's superficial and inaccurate.
2) Don't assume that dopamine is an explanation for why you like something. Saying that you like something because your brain produces dopamine is like saying that people play football because their muscles move: technically correct, but it doesn't explain anything. You still have to explain what's the deal with football in the first place (great question btw). With dopamine, once you said that it's released in response to your favorite movie, the question then becomes: why is it that your brain produces dopamine specifically in response to this movie you happen to like, and not another movie? The explanation of that would still involve your past history, your culture and life experience and perhaps even some genetic influences, but dopamine is just a mechanism, not explanation. It is not why you experience pleasure – it is that pleasure, just in different terms.
3) Please don't label the dopamine paragraphs in your essay, or for that matter anything with long words, along the lines of "the scientific part" (as opposed to a "non-scientific" part of your essay where you just talk about your emotions). Science is a tool, not a separate domain of reality. I cringe every time I see essays dichotomized that way, and I don't think you want to make me cringe when reading your essay. Molecules are not just "scientific" pictures in the textbook – no matter how we call them or how we draw them, they are part of nature and life.
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The Brain's Secret Life
Nothing can be compared to the complex brain's operational system, not even a supercomputer. This is due to its nature of collecting a lot of information into one bunch in the brain. The brain is able to collect information, process it, and send it to the respective body parts. It stores a lot of information that is normally used in the daily activities of someone's life. People with brain lapse normally are not versatile in daily activities, and they usually mess up because of poor judgment. Brain memory contributes to people having different perceptions of things that they end up believing in specific ideas. For example, many people have different opinions on why the performance of male students is better in math and science than their female counterparts. This perception has been there, and still, people believe the males outdo the females in math and science, with various reasons and their supporting ideas from the several sources that have worked on the same.
There are things people like, depending on the individual. This is because of different feelings towards it. This is the same case in school. When a particular student like a certain subject, the opposite can apply to some. But it can be found out that a particular group of people might tend to like something and be well-positioned. This has been the case in school during my early learning life up to now. Since I was a kid, I noticed the male students performing better in math and science subjects. It was a rarity to hear of a lady lead in a math or science test. In a research done by Ganley, when the students are at a younger age, they tend to perform almost at the same levels, but when they move to high school or elementary schools, a significant difference occurs. Students, during the primary learning life almost have the same performance in math, but when they move to high school, there is a significant difference. The male students tend to outscore the ladies most of the SAT math tests; while they tend to have the same performance on the necessary math tests. In his work, it is found out that despite the male and female of high school and college students having a difference in math performance, there wasn't a big gap. The females had a core average of about 0.1 while the male counterparts had 0.3, bringing up a difference of 0.2. Despite them having the difference, it indicated that this difference came on the technical mathematical part. From this study, there is a clear difference between the two genders with the aspect of age and technicality being involved. It is seen that this perception is clearly seen at a higher age than at a younger age.
Venessa, a psychology professor, did a similar and found out that there is no significant difference between the two genders, and the brains are just almost at the same level. She explains in her work that the difference comes due to the questionable upbringing of these kids. The kids are exposed to stereotyping, which affects them mentally at an early age. When the parents perform their normal responsibility rights, they are biased in one way or the other, which ends up favoring a certain stereotype while harming the other one. She explains that these stereotyping comes at the early stages of their kindergarten, in which the teachers are also involved in stereotyping them. "Indeed, while there are no actual gender differences in how boys and girls perform in math in elementary school, parents generally expect boys to outperform girls, starting when children are in kindergarten and first grade" (Vanesa p1). This is a clear indication that despite having the perception in mind that the boys are better in math and sciences than the ladies, it is something that has been inserted in our minds by our parents and teachers at our early age. When their mothers or fathers give help them in their homework, the parents could insist on the boys not failing in moths than the ladies.
This creates a mentality that males should be the ones scoring more in the technical subjects than the ladies. When the mind of a learning kid takes in this, it's hard to forget. Most probably, the idea of having this perception is due to the fact that the parents are also greatly involved as they do the wrong mental education to their kids. When it is put onto reality by the boys performing better, then it becomes a belief in the young females. Further, Vanessa goes on to explain more that during the young age of six to seven years, the female kids starts to less associate themselves with the games that sharpen their minds. Later, when they realize the boys still dominate them in the best-performing students, they also start to less associate themselves with STEM topics leaving them majorly at adolescence. This shows that the mental treatment they had during kindergarten school life still affected the to the adolescence stage. Therefore, it can be said the mental training by their seniors is a major input to their future perspective on the technical subjects they have to study. To correct this, then the parents need to understand how their input matters on the future of the students. But how can it be corrected?
It is encouraged that the parents having kids should develop strong enthusiasm for math. When the parents have strong enthusiasm for math, the children tend to copy and try to be like their parents. This gradually develops the interest of the kids towards particular subjects. Kids at an early age tend to copy their mentors, so they easily develop a positive mind towards the technical subjects, which later improves their performance. Therefore, the parents should stay away from the stereotypes and have a positive attitude towards the various subjects. The mentality of the males being better in math and science has gone to the extent of having a gender difference in the job market, especially in the jobs that need proficiency in the STEM subjects. In a study done by Aauw, it was found out that there were more male workers in the technical areas of industries and companies than their female counterparts. This shows the adverse effects the technical bias has resulted to the job market. "Girls and women are systematically tracked away from science and math throughout their educations, limiting their training and options to go into these fields as adults" (Aauw, p2). Aauw state that women only make up 28% of the STEM workforce. They say that mostly this is affected by the college level where the ladies are less involved in the STEM units. This has resulted in significantly a high number of men involved in technology than the females. Aauw provides significant factors to this, stating that these factors are less looked at and which ends up affecting the gender gap in science and technology.
The first factor they identify is the gender stereotypes as the STEM field is viewed as a masculine area and needs tough, masculine people, which underestimates the ladies as they are looked upon as weak from the time they start schooling. It is also believed that since the males dominate the stem fields, it has become like a culture like "that's an area for men." This has resulted in very low numbers of females in the computer science and other technologies, which has led to very few role models available for the ladies to get mentorship from. Aauw explains that there has been anxiety that the female teachers grade the young ladies fewer grades, hoping it works in a positive way to encourage females to work harder like their male colleagues. This backfires when the kids become discouraged by the low grades instead of being motivated to work harder. This shows...
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