Relationship between Covid 19 and Poverty and Its Social Effect to the Global Health

Covid-19 Related Social Effects
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Covid-19 Related Social Effects
Question: Analysis of the Relationship between the Covid 19 and Poverty and Its Social Effect to the Global Health
Professional Role: Analyst
1 Consult a minimum of five sources and compile an annotated bibliography of each, using a citation style of your choice. [cca 100 words per source]
Buheji, M., da Costa Cunha, K., Beka, G., Mavric, B., De Souza, Y. L., da Costa Silva, S. S., ... & Yein, T. C. (2020). The extent of the covid-19 pandemic's socio-economic impact on global poverty. A global integrative, multidisciplinary review. American Journal of Economics, 10(4), 213-224. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.economics.20201004.02.html
The authors in this article focus on how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the poor. Moreover, they argue that the poor are the least likely to adjust to problems of social isolation and lockdowns. The global pandemic's effects are higher pricing for goods and higher unemployment rates, which may further work to increase poverty. One key aspect is how measures taken to reduce the spread of the pandemic have impacted poor communities worldwide. Thus, they use a global multidisciplinary holistic review to assess the consequences of the economic crisis brought about by the pandemic in four continents. The authors suggest strategies such as building more robust health systems for the poor to alleviate pressure on them and improve their livelihood. This research is beneficial because it can help policymakers understand the major problems faced by the poor in a crisis and better ways to alleviate their suffering.
Durizzo, K., Asiedu, E., Van der Merwe, A., Van Niekerk, A., & Günther, I. (2021). Managing the COVID-19 pandemic in poor urban neighborhoods: The case of Accra and Johannesburg. World Development, 137, 105175. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32904458/
These authors focus on understanding how the poor responded to the pandemic in Accra and Johannesburg. The authors state that while the poor engaged in most Covid-19 safety measures, they did not adhere to other measures, such as the lockdown. The authors also link this lack of cooperation with poverty and the lack of infrastructure. Populations in these areas consider a shutdown costly and view government actions as indifferent toward their needs. The costs of lockdowns are higher amongst the poor as they depend on the informal economy for their daily wages. Thus, the authors use a structured phone survey to collect data on poor households. The authors conclude that the poor have been most affected by the pandemic and suggest that the best way to help them is to keep them better informed and encourage safety while improving infrastructure.
Han, J., Meyer, B. D., & Sullivan, J. X. (2020). Income and Poverty in the COVID-19 Pandemic (No. w27729). /wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Han-et-al-conference-draft.pdf
National Bureau of Economic Research. This article focuses on how Covid-19 has affected income and poverty rates across the United States of America. The authors aim to assess whether the current efforts to allocate resources have been effective amidst a world affected by a pandemic. Using the Basic Monthly Current Population Survey (CPS), the authors assess the income information of large families in the U.S. The authors also state that the government took various measures to help mitigate the effects of economic decline. Their results reveal that government policies at the beginning of the pandemic worked to counter the effects of income, consequently leading to a decline in poverty. With changes in the economy, this research helps gain more information on how income can be adjusted to fill the poverty gap in the face of an economic crisis.
Miguel, E., & Mobarak, A. M. (2022). The economics of the COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries. Annual Review of Economics, 14, 253-285. http://emiguel.econ.berkeley.edu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/EC14CH11_Miguel253-285.pdf
Miguel and Mobarak, in their study, state that the pandemic has affected different Low and Middle-Income countries (LMICs) and require different policies compared to those of rich countries. The authors also examine policies and how they have failed in their effectiveness, especially in LMICs. The focus areas are impacts on living standards, education, gender equality, and health. This empirical study reveals that LMICs have experienced dire situations compared to wealthier countries due to limited resources and low-government capacities. Therefore, the authors suggest building a more robust social safety net to prepare for future global pandemics. Nevertheless, the researchers state that the main limitation of their study is tentativeness and incompleteness, given the changing nature of Covid-19.
Whitehead, M., Taylor-Robinson, D., & Barr, B. (2021). Poverty, health, and covid-19. BMJ, 372. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n376
According to this study, low-income families have been the most affected by the pandemic's economic decline. The authors argue that the pandemic affects people differently and is most adverse among the elderly, ethnic minorities, and poorer groups. Further, the economic effects of the pandemic have been felt unevenly. Rising unemployment rates, overcrowding, lockdowns, and comorbidities among the poor have worsened their cases. Undeniably, the poor have been in poor condition to deal with the pandemic's effects adequately. The authors thus show the social inequalities that exist within the structures of society. The authors recommend avoiding frugal measures when looking to fix the economy. They attribute these measures to worsening the position of disadvantaged communities and groups.
Wiwad, D., Mercier, B., Piff, P. K., Shariff, A., & Aknin, L. B. (2021). Recognizing the impact of COVID-19 on the poor alters attitudes toward poverty and inequality. Journal of experimental social psychology, 93, 104083. /pmc/articles/PMC7666538/
According to the authors, the Covid-19 pandemic revealed a large gap between the poor and the rich. While the poor were disproportionately affected, individuals undermined working-class financial security. The authors thus use a pre-registered longitudinal study to assess whether beliefs about external and internal contributions of the pandemic changed during the pandemic. In their results, participants reported that external factors influence poverty more than internal ones. However, most believed that the Covid-19 pandemic had reduced inequality and mobilized more support for government intervention to help poor people. The authors also report that the poor with low income and savings felt economic losses more. They were also more likely to contract the virus, given their high exposure and vulnerability. This study contributes to the knowledge of external factors that accentuate poverty and how attitudes toward the poor and inequality can change....