Intellectual Property, Inclusion, Security Acts, and Border Security

Intellectual Property, Inclusion, Security Acts, and Border Security: An Exploratory Comparison
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1. Intellectual Property and Counterfeit Merchandise: Impacts on the US Economy
Intellectual property (IP) are recognition provided to the creation of the mind. Intangible commodities like innovation, designs, artistry works, symbols, names, and images are protected by law through IP. IP includes patents, copyrights, and trademarks to provide recognition to creators with financial benefits. Law enforcement demonstrates sensitivity towards IP to foster an innovative culture and encourage environmental creativity. IP empowers innovators to earn marginal benefits from creativity. The absence of IP would allow infringements in an economy, which rivals could use to replicate innovation without conceiving innovation costs. Weaker IP leads the economy to knowledge spillover, posing risks to creativity and innovation in the long run. China is a significant example of poor IP laws. Chinese economy generates gross domestic product (GDP) by infringing innovations and manufacturing replicas sold at affordable prices worldwide (Chen & Wu, 2022). Hence, IP laws are necessary to protect innovation and innovators in an economy.
Counterfeit merchandise increased in the United States of America (US) since the pandemic. The US is one of the largest economies according to GDP, industrialization, and annual production of various commodities, particularly healthcare products. Counterfeit products influence the US financial strength by reducing tax collection and tampering with international trade efficacy. The US economy suffers a loss of $7.2 billion in taxes due to counterfeit products. The industry compromises 300,000+ employment opportunities annually, preventing workers from earning $13.6 billion in wages. Domestic sales were reduced by $54.1 billion due to counterfeit merchandise. The US economy operates in a collective ecosystem involving innovators, manufacturers, and distributors. Counterfeit products disrupt coordination between economic actors and influence America to enjoy progression in the long run (Amankwah-Amoah et al., 2022). Counterfeit products are threatening to various industries operating in the US economy.
Counterfeit merchandise poses significant threats to citizen’s health and safety (H&S). Some products are designed to protect users from injuries and fatalities. For instance, prescribed drugs are manufactured with specialized ingredients and formulas to cure diseases. However, counterfeit drugs might not provide active ingredients and cause accidental overdose. Counterfeit products have falsified or substandard quality to meet the fundamental requirements of users. The illicit trade in the US economy generates revenue for falsified traders at the cost of human lives. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), one in ten medical products in the US economy are falsified. As a result, the American economy conceived $1.82 trillion during the pandemic in healthcare costs while delivering COVID-19 vaccines to citizens (Amankwah-Amoah, 2022). Counterfeit products threaten the H&S viability of users in the long run.
IP theft increased in the US economy during the pandemic. Pharmaceutical and technology industries were the primary sources influenced by the rising counterfeit challenges in the US. The regulatory authorities highlighted threats to national security, particularly from IP thefts made by China. The intelligence chiefs confirmed that IP theft and illicit use of artificial intelligence-enabled Chinese hackers to penetrate the system and spy against the US. Intelligence regulations confirmed that America’s Silicon Valley is threatened by IP theft since geopolitical rivals are tampering with and misusing national technologies, innovations, and patents. IP theft could reduce national security since rival countries like China could penetrate the system and access confidential information to scheme against the US (Shivakumar, 2022). Hence, regulatory bodies must propose strategies to combat IP theft and counterfeit trading to protect national security.
2. Inclusion of Illegal Immigrants for Border Security
Migration from different countries to the US economy could provide a safe, positive, and empowering experience for migrants. Most migrants visit the US and other countries for better employment opportunities and access to a sustainable lifestyle. Migration provides cultural diversity, social expansion, and transit experience to migrants. However, unsafe or illicit migration has increased significantly in the past decade on local, national, regional, and global levels. Migrants from underdeveloped countries have resource constraints to visit developed countries like the United Kingdom (UK), the US, and the European Union (EU). As a result, migrants adopt illegal channels to enter the jurisdiction, posing threats to national security and human rights. Regulatory authorities must respond to prevent unsafe migrations (Fejes et al., 2022). However, including illicit migrants is necessary to protect human rights prospects as a national accountability. Hence, regulatory authorities are recommended with a few actions to treat illegal migrants with inclusion and respect while strengthening border security.
First, regulatory bodies should protect human rights prospects by arranging the well-being of children. Detained migrants include children of different ages. Some children are toddlers and understand local languages. Children do not understand judicial and legal mechanisms after detention made by the regulatory bodies. Besides, parents, guardians, and caretakers are detained for carrying illicit materials like drugs and weapons, leading authorities to impose criminal charges during detention. As a result, children remain unattended and helpless due to dependency on detained individuals (Bauböck & Permoser, 2023). Hence, the regulatory bodies should provide fundamental rights like shelter, food, and clothes to initiate the inclusion process. Regulatory authorities continue arranging citizenship, education, and foster home supplies to provide national recognition. Inclusive action would allow children to become respectable citizens of a country in the long run.
Secondly, regulatory bodies are recommended to provide social inclusion and cohesion to illicit migrants according to the International Human Rights Framework (IHRF). IHRF advice to provide economic, social, financial, and cultural protection for illegal migrants. Migrants should receive equal access to health, education, employment, security, and housing to experience inclusiveness. Practicing criminalization would increase threats to national security by making illegal immigrants hostile toward the country. However, providing fundamental supplies and social access by complying with IHRF guidelines would build healthy relationships and humanitarian exchanges among the hosts. Most illegal immigrants fail to access fundamental human rights in their home country. As a result, the host country could facilitate by applying IHRF guidelines to include unsafe immigrants through equitable social and health supplies (Coletti & Pasini, 2023). The action would prevent immigrants from practicing hostility and criminality against the host country in the long run.
Lastly, the current administration is recommended to prevent illegal immigrants from encountering discrimination, including racism, xenophobia, and intolerance from local citizens. Local citizens express political, religious, and social frustrations with illegal immigrants. Citizens perceive illegal immigrants as economic burdens facilitated by taxes paid to the government. As a result, malpractices like discrimination and racial humiliation are common to dissocialize illicit immigrants and raise security threats. Besides, malpractices from local citizens damage inclusion and violate IHRF guidelines. Local government is accountable for protecting IHRF guidelines by preventing citizens from practicing discrimination, threatening religious values, and expressing intolerance (Fejes et al., 2022). Regulatory bodies should increase inclusion training, education, and awareness among residents towards unsafe immigrants. Besides, authorities should take legal action to discourage discriminatory behaviors towards illegal immigrants to increase harmony and fulfil IHRF accountability.
3. Comparing Security Acts
The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Maritime Cyber Security (MCS) is necessary for ports to protect technology assets during shipping. MCS guidelines manage cyber risk by identifying, examining, evaluating, and communicating cyber risks to various stakeholders. The fundamental objective is to support and achieve secure shipping operations by eliminating cyber risks in ...