Research Summary: PICOT Question
Purpose
This assignment provides the opportunity for the student to find and appraise resources related to the PICOT question from Week 2. The focus of this assignment is to evaluate pertinent literature that supports the practice change intervention.
Note: You are to locate original studies with research conducted and published by the primary investigator. You may also use systematic reviews or Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs).
Course Outcomes
This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:
CO1: Integrate evidence-based and research to support advancement of holistic nursing care in diverse healthcare settings. (PO 1,4)
CO2: Integrate knowledge related to evidence-based practice and person-centered care to improve health outcome. (PO 1, 2)
CO4: Develop knowledge related to research and evidence-based practice as a basis for designing and critiquing research studies. (PO 1, 5)
CO5: Analyze research findings and evidence-based practice to advance holistic care initiatives that promote positive healthcare outcomes. (PO 1, 2, 5)
Due Date: Sunday 11:59 PM MT at the end of Week 5
Total Points Possible: 200 Points
Requirements
Find and review ten (10) scholarly, peer-reviewed research articles, systematic reviews, or CPGs in support of the practice change intervention. Complete the Research Summary WorksheetPreview the document table for each article.
State the PICOT question
For each article, supply the following:
The complete reference for the article in current APA format
Description of the purpose of the study/review/practice guideline
Description of the evidence type
Research article/systematic review/CPG
If a source is a research article
Is the study quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods?
Is the study experimental, quasi-experimental, or descriptive?
Description of the sample, sample size, and setting (not used for CPG)
Discussion of the data collection methods used (not used for CPG)
Discussion of the study findings or CPG content
Assessment of the limitations of the study (not used for CPG)
Discussion of the relevance the study to the PICOT question and advanced practice nursing
Preparing the Assignment:
Use the designated Research Summary Table Worksheet to supply the required information.
All scholarly, peer-reviewed research articles must be current - within a 5-year time frame - unless a valid rationale is provided, and the instructor has approved the use of an older reference.
Use APA formatting for references
Directions and Assignment Criteria
Assignment Criteria
Points
%
Description
PICOT question
20
10%
PICOT question provided in sentence format
Articles 1-10
15/article
150 total
7.5% / article
75% total
For each article:
Article is scholarly
Publication date is current within 5 years
Purpose and evidence type clearly stated
Describes sample, sample size, setting and data collection methods
Discusses study findings and limitations
Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
APA
20
10%
Use of worksheet template
Correct APA format for the following:
Font style and size
Citing and referencing sources
Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
Graduate-level writing style
10
5%
Correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure
Clarity, organization, and logical flow of ideas within writing
Synthesis of information is present with no more than one short direct quote (15 words or less)
Correct APA format for the following:
Font style and size
Title and reference pages
Citing and referencing sources
Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
Use of template
Total
200
100 %
Rubric
NR505NP Week 5 Research Summary Assignment Rubric
NR505NP Week 5 Research Summary Assignment Rubric
Criteria Ratings Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePICOT Question
20.0 pts
Exceptional
PICOT question provided in sentence format.
18.0 pts
Exceeds
16.0 pts
Meets
8.0 pts
Needs Improvement
0.0 pts
Developing
PICOT question not supplied.
20.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 1
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 2
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 3
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 4
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 5
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 6
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 7
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 8
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 9
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeArticle 10
15.0 pts
Exceptional
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
13.0 pts
Exceeds
Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
12.0 pts
Meets
Presentation of information included all of the following elements, but information was minimal: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
6.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Presentation missing one or more of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
0.0 pts
Developing
Presentation of missing more than one of the following elements: • Article is scholarly • Publication date current within 5 years • Purpose and evidence type clearly stated • Describes sample, sample size, setting, data collection methods • Discusses study findings and limitations • Explains relevance to PICOT question and implications for advanced nursing practice
15.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA
20.0 pts
Exceptional
• Correct APA format with 0-1 error for the following: o Font style and size o Citing and referencing sources o Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
18.0 pts
Exceeds
• APA format with 2-4 errors for the following: o Font style and size o Citing and referencing sources o Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
16.0 pts
Meets
• APA format with 5-7 errors for the following: o Font style and size o Citing and referencing sources o Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
8.0 pts
Needs Improvement
• APA format with 8-9 errors for the following: o Font style and size o Citing and referencing sources o Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
0.0 pts
Developing
• APA format with > 10 errors for the following: o Font style and size o Citing and referencing sources o Mechanics of style (abbreviations, capitalization, italics, numbers)
20.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeScholarly Writing
10.0 pts
Exceptional
Distinguished graduate-level writing style is evidenced by meeting all of the following criteria with 0-1 errors total: • Correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure • Clarity, organization, and logical flow of ideas within writing • Synthesis of information is present with no more than one short direct quote (15 words or less) • Use of template
9.0 pts
Exceeds
Graduate-level writing style exceeds expectations as evidenced by meeting the following criteria with 2-4 errors total: • Correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure • Clarity, organization, and logical flow of ideas within writing • Synthesis of information is present with no more than one short direct quote (15 words or less) • Use of template
8.0 pts
Meets
Proficient graduate-level writing style is evidenced by meeting the following criteria with 5-7 errors, total: • Correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure • Clarity, organization, and logical flow of ideas within writing • Synthesis of information is present with no more than one short direct quote (15 words or less) • Use of template
4.0 pts
Needs Improvement
Graduate-level writing style needs improvement as evidenced by meeting the following criteria with 8-9 errors, total: • Correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure • Clarity, organization, and logical flow of ideas within writing • Synthesis of information is present with no more than one short direct quote (15 words or less) • Template not used
0.0 pts
Developing
Graduate-level writing style needs improvement as evidenced by meeting the following criteria with 10 or more errors, total: • Correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure • Clarity, organization, and logical flow of ideas within writing • Synthesis of information is present with no more than one short direct quote (15 words or less) • With or without template
10.0 pts
Total Points: 200.0
Date:
PICOT Question:
Write out in the PICOT question sentence format.
Can the primary care gap be reduced through expanding the working scope of nursing practitioners and training them, and be measured through patient experience to ascertain its success by 2025?
Article 1
Full reference for article (APA Format)
Mohsen, M. M., Safaan, N. A., & Okby, O. M. (2016). Nurses' perceptions and barriers for adoption of evidence-based practice in primary care: Bridging the gap. American Journal of Nursing Research, 4(2), 25-33.
Purpose
To find out the perception of nurses and barriers to adopting the evidence-based practice in their primary care environments.
Evidence Type
Original study
Sample, Sample Size, and Setting
A total sample of 200 consisting of 120 nurse practitioners with a degree and 80 nursing teachers with a minimum of a master's degree was used.
Data Collection
The study used a structured questionnaire to collect the data.
Study Findings
All nurses had a positive attitude toward EBP. More than three quarters of both NPs and tutors reported that they had no time to search and read articles online.
Limitations (State why the limitations)
The sample did not represent all nurses and tutors because it was chosen from one region. It should have been taken from different parts.
Relevance to the PICOT and Implications for Advanced Nursing Practice
The perception of nurses toward EBP is significant in primary care. If the attitude is positive, then it means that NPs are likely to help in bridging the primary care gap that is steadily widening.
Article 2
Full reference for article (APA Format)
Petterson, S. M., Liaw, W. R., Tran, C., & Bazemore, A. W. (2015). Estimating the residency expansion required to avoid projected primary care physician shortages by 2035. The Annals of Family Medicine, 13(2), 107-114.
Purpose
To calculate the foreseen shortage of primary care physicians, determine the rate of residency growth needs, and estimate the effect of retirements.
Evidence Type
The study used the 2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to calculate primary care projections, and data from the US Census Bureau to project demographic changes.
Sample, Sample Size, and Setting
There was no actual sample size since the study used data from existing government and institutional research.
Data Collection
The systemic review was used, where data was recorded directly from existing digital sources
Study Findings
* America will need more than 44,000 primary care physicians by 2035
* The Current primary care production rates will not meet the demand, leading to a shortage of more than 33,000 primary care physicians
Limitations (State why the limitations)
2035 is a very long time to make such a projection.
Relevance to the PICOT and Implications for Advanced Nursing Practice
Primary care works in harmony between healthcare providers and the population of a country, meaning projecting the demographic changes is likely to impact the primary care and help to reduce or increase the primary care gap.
Article 3
Full reference for article (APA Format)
Pinto, A. D., Glattstein-Young, G., Mohamed, A., Bloch, G., Leung, F. H., & Glazier, R. H. (2016). Building a foundation to reduce health inequities: a routine collection of sociodemographic data in primary care. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 29(3), 348-355.
Purpose
To determine the effectiveness of methods used to collect data about primary care
Evidence Type
The original research was used, where data is collected first hand
Sample, Sample Size, and Setting
407 patients in the family primary care waiting room were given a question to fill.
Data Collection
Questionnaire
Study Findings
* The response rate was 84 percent.
* The highest response was the "I do not know."
* Most patients reported that they found the process acceptable
Limitations (State why the limitations)
The study was biased because it only took data from patients and left out physicians and NPs.
Relevance to the PICOT and Implications for Advanced Nursing Practice
The study is relevant because it helps in emphasizing on the acceptability of collecting information from patients about primary care. The information helps in validating the data used to project for the state of primary care hence determining whether a gap exists.
Article 4
Full reference for article (APA Format)
Corso, K. A., Dorrance, K. A., & LaRochelle, J. (2018). The physician shortage: A red herring in American health care reform. Military medicine, 183(suppl_3), 220-224.
Purpose
The study wanted to find out whether increasing the number of physicians improves the healthcare quality
Evidence Type
The study used systemic reviews from previous studies
Sample, Sample Size, and Setting
Articles from resources available online were reviewed at random and relevant information cited.
Data Collection
Data was retrieved online resources that had already been researched and published by previous scholars.
Study Findings
The study found out that the quality of healthcare does not depend on the number of physicians. Instead, health care costs should be lowered while healthcare status is improved steadily.
Limitations (State why the limitations)
The study, while reviewing past literature, might be biased only to pick the information that favors the pre-determined and projected outcome
Relevance to the PICOT and Implications for Advanced Nursing Practice
The study concentrated on the shortage of physicians who are an essential part of primary care. The information helps to determine the effect of the number of physicians on healthcare quality and subsequently the future of primary care in the country.
Article 5
Full reference for article (APA Format)
Lau, R., Stevenson, F., Ong, B. N., Dziedzic, K., Treweek, S., Eldridge, S., & Peacock, R. (2015). Achieving change in primary care—causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic reviews of reviews. Implementation Science, 11(1), 40.
Purpose
To identify and summarize the literature on causes of evidence to practice gap for complex interventions in primary care
Evidence Type
A systematic review of reviews
Sample, Sample Size, and Setting
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