Covid-19 Issue Paper Health, Medicine, Nursing Research Paper

COVID-19 Issue
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation

COVID-19 Issue
Abstract
Many people in different countries started 2020 well and were hoping that the year will be normal, like others. However, the situation is different now since the COVID-19 pandemic continues to enter more territories. The global economy has been paralyzed, and only industries providing essential services are running. In particular, coronavirus is a significant issue that has affected many nations, and its fate is in the hands of scientists. Social distancing, maintaining hands hygiene, self-quarantine, shutting down schools, and disinfecting cities are measures to decrease COVID-19 from spreading faster. People who become infected with the disease are helped by their immune system to recover. The elderly, children, and those with existing respiratory problems are the most vulnerable population. The paper focuses on the coronavirus pandemic, which has affected the lives of many people and the global economy adversely.
Introduction
Almost everyone in the world is aware of the coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic. The disease outbreak was reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in China on 31st December 2019. Wuhan City in Hubei Province was where the first case of coronavirus was detected. Indeed, it is among the largest towns in China, with a population of approximately 11 million individuals. Four days after the first case, other 44 patients with pneumonia whose etiology was unknown were identified. Since then, the issue of coronavirus infection has spread in different parts of the world. The issue of COVID-19 is crucial to address since up-to-date clinical researchers have not found a vaccine to cure it or prevent it from spreading. Coronavirus is highly contagious, which poses the most significant threat to humanity. The virus attacks people’s respiratory system, making it difficult for them to breathe. The health problem that was challenging to the Chinese government has reached 210 countries. The number of coronavirus infections and deaths continues to rise every day. COVID-19 pandemic is the current most significant health issue facing humanity in the world, and people are only hoping that clinical researchers will come up with a vaccine soon to stop the disease from spreading further and killing many individuals.
Science Section
Despite the epidemiology or scope of coronavirus being well-known, COVID-19 is incurable at the moment. On 30th January 2020, WHO declared coronavirus outbreak as a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)” (Wang, Horby, Hayden, & Gao, 2020). The coronavirus epidemic is evolving every day with new cases of infection reported in various parts of the world. According to CNBC News of April 22, 2020, about 2,575,875 cases of coronavirus have been reported worldwide. About 178,669 people have died, and 704,142 individuals have recovered. The disease has affected 210 territories or countries globally (Worldometer, 2020). These numbers are changing every minute since the pandemic is spreading, and no vaccine has been discovered to combat the disease. China’s total number of infected people is around 82,788 and 4,632 deaths. The first five countries that have been severely hit by the coronavirus are the United States of America (USA), Spain, Italy, France, and Germany, with the total number of infections of 819,175, 208,389, 183,957, 158,050, and 148,704, respectively. Individuals who have succumbed to COVID-19 in the USA are 45,343, 21,717 in Spain, 24,648 in Italy, 20,796 in France, and 5,100 in Germany (Worldometer, 2020). Consequently, these figures are likely to increase since there is no cure for coronavirus.  
Although clinical researchers assert that the scientific explanation of COVID-19 has been identified, it seems that the information has not been helpful in developing the cure. Coronavirus can stay in a host for at least 14 days before the first symptoms appear. For some infected individuals, they start experiencing symptoms within the first five days after contracting the disease. Others are asymptomatic and do not show any flu-like signs even when they become infected with COVID-19 (Heymann, 2020). In particular, these people make it extremely hard to eliminate coronavirus since they continue to spread the disease to their community members unknowingly. The early symptoms of COVID-19 are minor respiratory discomforts. According to WHO, the common signs of coronavirus include fever, tiredness, dry cough, headache, sore throat, and shortness of breath. Some individuals might experience a runny nose, diarrhea, nasal congestion, and pain in various parts of the body. Notably, people infected with COVID-19 might portray one or more of the above symptoms, while others are asymptomatic. Coronavirus’ causative agent is SARS-CoV-2, which leads to acute respiratory issues (Rothan & Byrareddy, 2020). Scientists have linked the wet conditions of the animal market in Wuhan as the likely origin of COVID-19. 
As the entire world continues to battle coronavirus, no country has come up with a vaccine to cure the disease or to prevent it from further spreading. Governments, clinicians, non-governmental corporations, health corporations, and people are worried due to the rapid spread of coronavirus and the lack of effective treatment strategies and prophylaxis. Coronavirus is different from the flu due to its unique biochemical structure. Flu entails a living organism that is treatable using antibiotics. Nevertheless, COVID-19 entails a set of genetic modulator, which significantly alters the human cells' genetic phenotypes and modifies pathophysiology (Li et al., 1970). The pathology of 2019-nCoV is the same to that of a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), which was first identified in 2002. Despite the Chinese government's strict social distance and quarantine measures, it has been challenging to control the spread of coronavirus (Chen et al., 2020). Transportations between cities have been banned, schools have been closed indefinitely, and the state discourages social gatherings. Moreover, the Chinese government has been disinfecting cities, such as Wuhan, which have high numbers of COVID-19 infections. Health authorities, such as WHO, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, have encouraged individuals to wear personal protective equipment (PPE), such as face masks and gloves, and observe hand hygiene as appropriate measures to curb the coronavirus transmission (Science Daily, 2020). Despite the introduction of these prevention measures, the COVID-19 rate of infection remains high worldwide. As such, the already implemented solutions are not sufficient to address the issue of coronavirus pandemic.
Legislative Section
Countries affected by the coronavirus pandemic are blaming China for not containing the spread of COVID-19. The legislative background of the 2019-nCoV was that the Chinese government reported the outbreak to the WHO when it was late. As such, people from other nations who had visited China and got infected carried the disease to their home countries. The Chinese government did not take proper early prevention measures to isolate infected individuals to curb the spread of the disease (Heymann, 2020). Nevertheless, China cannot be fully blamed for the coronavirus pandemic since the virus is new, and scientists were not aware of its highly contagious nature. That is the reason why it has taken more time to develop a vaccine to cure COVID-19 or prevent it from spreading rapidly. As a result, the most significant thing to do now is for all countries to unite and fight the pandemic together once and for all before it kills millions of people globally. 
Although the Chinese and other governments have introduced new regulatory measures to combat COVID-19, they have not flattened the infection curve. For this reason, my suggestion is that the government should use technology to trace infected people and isolate them from the p...