Case Study - Theoretical Foundation. Research Paper.

Problems and Research in Healthcare
Casey Maelekapowai
Grand Canyon University HCA 822
October 31, 2020
Reflection
I made a host of changes that aimed to make the work seem more presentable in terms of content and outlay. Here are some of the changes.
* I removed the executive summary because I noticed that the introduction of the work was comprehensive and could give the reader a clear background of what the purpose of writing the paper is
* I went through the entire work keenly and changed some words and sentences that seemed to have grammatical error
* In the original paper, it appeared as though it was only one literature reviewed in the case evaluation section. After going through the entire section, I ensured to add pieces of relevant literature to the section to show the extensiveness with which I did the research.
* In added citations in several parts of the case evaluation section. It seemed that I had not given credit to various authors in the initial paper, something that may have led to me presenting someone’s information as mine. It is important to cite external information because it shows an acknowledgement to the author’s contribution
* I removed the proposed solution because, even though it was important, it was not relevant to the issue at hand.
Even though the research process was tedious, the professor’s comments came as a rescue because they guided me in the revision process. Going through the paper once more also made me see the little grammatical mistakes that I might have overlooked when crafting the final copy of the paper.
Background
The cultural influence on health is extensive. The culture impacts health perceptions, death, illnesses, beliefs on causes of disease, fundamental approaches to health promotion, how pain and sickness are expressed and experienced, the preferred place that patients seek help from, and the kinds of treatment they consider suitable for them. In this regard, these same challenges go hand in hand with cultural barriers in healthcare (Mannion & Davies, 2016). The barriers are diverse. They consist of the insecurities nurses or caregivers go through when engaging with patients, misunderstanding of patients, directive communication, perceived authority distance involving the healthcare givers, and the patients, among others.
Research Questions
1 To what extent do cultural barriers affect patient outcomes and satisfaction at Richmond Medical Center?
2 What is immigrant patients' likelihood to experience a guaranteed understanding of their health condition regarding communication with healthcare providers at Richmond Medical Center?
3 What impact do interpreters, in general, have concerning patient outcome and satisfaction at Richmond Medical Center?
Case Evaluation
Generally, healthcare providers are supposed to attain three main objectives in their caring encounters. These include:include establishing a positive relationship with the patient, understanding the issues that make the patient sick, and determining the most effective treatment suitable for the patient. Cultural barriers can make these goals impossible or hard to achieve. According to Gershon et al. (2014)research, healthcare providers at Richmond Medical Center meet different patients, including immigrants. These immigrant patients come in terms with several barriers in their quest for healthcare services like language and cultural differences, lack of knowledge, lower socio-economic status, etc. from all these challenges, communication barriers amongst immigrant patients and healthcare providers are common and pose significant consequences and impact. An extensive literature review conductedresearch conducted by De Bono, Heling, & Borg (2014) several researchers has been revealed to comprehend hhow immigrant patients and their healthcare providers professed their relationship concerning healthcare. These reviews of literature aimed to evaluate the physicians' perspectives, the patients' views, and the two ideas altogether concerning the challenges experienced at Richmond Medical Center.
The review's findings were categorized into three. The perceptions of the healthcare givers were included based on the immigrant patients' perspectives, communication, and general opinions of third-party interpreters in the care meet. According to Sánchez-Polo et al., (2019), the literature review identified a struggle healthcare providers go through when communicating with not English speakers. The feeling of insecurity among the healthcare providers is expected when they communicate with their patients because they are not sure whether the discussionsdiscussions, they have with patients are understood or the health issues they have are articulated appropriately.
Additionally, whenever there is a trust issue between the healthcare provider and the patient, there has tomust be a deleterious impression on mutual decision-making, which is commonly a sanctioning element in strategies of patient appointment. Researchers highlightedThis study was done by Scott et al. (2013), where they concluded that healthcare providers would typically remove the details necessary in building the relationship between them and the patients during the care encounter Sánchez-Polo et al., (2019). As a substitute, these healthcare providers will embrace a paternalistic approach to patient care. Besides, healthcare providers become more directive with these immigrant patients. They intentionally fail to disclose information based on the thought that it is sure limited understanding among the immigrant patients. The healthcare providers are also likely to issue advice directly rather than providing information to them and mostly decide for immigrant patients.
Secondly, researchersIn another study, Valentino (2014) found out that there is a high probability that the immigrant patients likely have language barrier problems. Medical terminologies are hard to understand, especially when they are outside one's inborn language, thus representing an important task among immigrant patients. According to researchers, most of the patients are have trust issues other than the language barrier because of cultural differences (Willis et al., 2016). Most patients tend to be hesitant and prefer to seek care from Western healthcare providers because most of them have experienced stereotyping by some healthcare providers.
Additionally, when healthcare providers lack cultural awareness, communication is also affected, especially when they see immigrant patients who are culturally sensitive. Researchers also included in their research that immigrant patients tend to be unwilling to use digitized or connected applied science in healthcare (Willis et al., 2016). Several cultures involve frontal encounters as the solitary preferred approach when looking for medical care. In most cases, these immigrant patients avoid the use of telehealth or secure messaging.
Lastly, in the literature review, it was also discovered that third-party interpreters are watched with nervousness in the care happenstance. Even though an English language translator appears to be an instinctive answer to language barrier issues, several healthcare providers exist. Translation of languages is expected in three categories: line-by-line, summarization, and simultaneous, the hindmost looking like the least perfect though usually applied in healthcare. The researchers also asserted that there is a possibility that the translators may deliberately or accidentally subtract or add things whenever they use the summarization method (Willis et al., 2016). They may also have arrogances and morals that contrast from patients and healthcare providers, or they may even possess a diverse knowledge base or perception of the situation. They may as well not be able to recognize the non-verbal indications that the utterer uses.
Generally, over 37 million people in America speak different languages other than English, and some speak their native languages only (Willis et al., 2016). In this regard, language and communication barriers can affect the quality of care that the patients receive. For instance, patients who speak Spanish are less likely to visit a healthcare provider or mental health provider or seek preventive care like influenza vaccinations or mammography compared to whites (Willis et al., 2016). The use of healthcare services may be affected by interpreters' availability in that among patients who do not speak fluent English and saw the need to have the presence of an interpreter during their visit to the healthcare facility, some of them report that they a...