Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer
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Of all the cancers that are affecting women in the world today, breast cancer comes in second position while skin cancer takes the lead position. This also relates to the fact that it is the second leading causes of death in women diagnosed with cancer. Breast cancer is a condition that affects the cells in the human breast. This cancer is associated with several types of neoplasm developing in the breast tissues of the patient. One of the most common neoplasms that lead to the disease is called the adenocarcinoma. While more common in women, it also does affect a percentage of men population. Although it is quite a deadly disease, there has been public support and more organizations are coming forward to increase awareness in the public and the world over (Huether & McCance, 2010). In addition, with the development of better treatment strategies and medicines as well as early diagnosis and better understanding of the disease in its entirety, mortality rates have reduced significantly.
With reference to the Breast Cancer Pathophysiology, there are two main reasons for the development of the disease, which relate to hormones and genetics. Due to a lifetime exposure to estrogen, this results in the stimulation of the receptors and therefore, the proliferation of cells. In the other case of genetics, there is a relationship that has been found to exist between the mutation of the first and second BRCA gene. These two reasons lead to the damage of the cells’ DNA. With the damage to the DNA, the cells ability to regulate their repair and death is altered, thereby distorting the cells’ cycle of growth. For normal cells, if it not in a position to repair the damage it dies and new cells grows. With the damaged cells, the damage is propagated onto new cells thereby spreading through the body (Stopeck, 2014). These cells also invade the other healthy tissues, which is very different from the normal cells as the latter never invade. This property of the cancerous cells invading is referred to as metastasis. As the cells grow larger and invade other tissues, they get supplied with blood vessels through a process referred to as angiogenesis.
During early s...