Animal Nutrition, Reproduction, Genetics, and Aging Research Project

VET225 Animal Nutrition, Reproduction, Genetics, and Aging Research Project
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Project Number: 696117
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VET225 Animal Nutrition, Reproduction, Genetics, and Aging Research Project
Part One
Royal Canin is one of the world's largest manufacturers of pet food products. It specializes in dry food products for cats and dogs. The company was established back in 1968 by veterinarian Jean Cathary. Its global headquarters is located in Southern France, and in the United States, it has its office in St. Charles, Missouri. Cathary had observed that many pets had health issues, especially in their skin and coat. Convinced that the cause of these ailments was their diet, he prepared a nutritional solution to treat the pets. The success of the diet led to a pet food that would eventually dominate the world market.
The company produces balanced, tailor-made pet nutrition formulas for dogs and cats. Royal Canin Company has life stages, breed-specific recipes, lifestyle foods, and nutrition for pets with hypersensitivity or health conditions, such as digestion concerns, oral problems, or skin issues (Rudinsky et al., 2017). Additionally, the company produces therapeutic diets that are only available to veterinary clinics. Royal Canin manufactures various cat items, including life stages diets, prescribed diets, breed-specific diets, feline treatment diets, and dietary needs. Royal Canin recognizes how each cat is unique and that not all cat's nutritional requirements are the same. Therefore, their cat products are available in wet kibble, dry kibble, and treats. Their dog food formulas are somewhat close to those offered to cats, except that they are formulated to fulfill the dietary requirements of dogs. Their dog diets include life cycles, prescribed diets, food requirements diets, lifestyle requirements diets, and breed-specific diets. Additionally, they provide dry kibble, wet kibble, and treats for dogs.
The two primary cat foods produced by Royal Canin for cats are Recovery Support and the Calm diet. Recovery Support is a specialized formula intended to assist cats suffering from injury, injuries, or surgery with their dietary requirements. It is a wet mix that is designed specifically for tube feeding and is therefore very palatable. It is not meant to be used over an extended period. Each 5.8 oz can contain 183 calories, so 1 cup contains approximately 260 calories. It has 9.5 percent protein, 5.7 percent fat, and 2.6 percent carbohydrate. The first five ingredients are water for fermentation, chickens for nutrition, chicken liver for additional protein, and iron. Gelatin by-products are used for their palatability, while protein content and powdered cellulose are used as starch. Dogs will also benefit from the recovery. Calm is a special diet for cats with digestion issues, urinary sensitivities, and problems with the skin. It contains a large concentration of vitamins B and amino acids, which assist the skin's natural capacity to defend and form a membrane. It is a 100 percent full and healthy diet that is both delicious and easy to digest. It is available as a dry kibble with 330 calories per cup. Its protein makes up 34.0 percent of the total; fiber makes up 6.0 percent, and fat makes up 9 percent. The first five ingredients are chicken by-products as a source of proteins, corn which gives starch and essential fatty acids; brewer's rice is a fiber source; wheat gluten is a protein and carbohydrate source, and corn gluten is a protein source.
The two primary dog foods are Royal Canin Early Cardiac and Royal Canin Skin Support SS. With healthy and nutritious products, Royal Canin Early Cardiac is a dog food that improves heart wellbeing. It has a low sodium content (.33%) and is usually retained. In heart patients, low sodium diets are necessary. Despite its low sodium content, it is very palatable and easy to digest. It exists in the form of dry kibble with 309 calories per cup. The crude protein makes up 22%, the fat makes up14%, and the fiber content makes up 5.3%. Brewers rice (a source of fiber), chicken fat (a source of fat), chicken meal (a source of protein), fish meal (a source of protein), and soy protein isolate (another source of protein) are the first five ingredients. Skin Support SS by Royal Canin is a dog food designed to support the skin's natural barrier and promote stable skin cell generation. It comes in the form of dry kibble with 323 calories per cup. The crude protein content is 21 percent, the natural fat content is 13%, and the crude fiber content is 5.2 percent. It also contains 22% taurine and 100mg of ascorbic acid, which protect the skin (Bassert, 2021). Brewers rice for nutrition, fish meal for nutrition, brown rice for starch, chicken fat for sustenance, and natural spices that further render the food palatable are the first five ingredients.
I will prescribe Maxi Aging 8+ dry food to an 11-year-old dog weighing 82 pounds. This diet is tailored to meet the dietary requirements of aging dogs by promoting bone and joint stability, intestinal transit regulation, and help coat and skin health. I will prefer this diet for senior dogs because they require fewer calories to avoid obesity, resulting in other health issues. Since the dog's weight is 82 pounds, or 37 kilograms, and is classified as a senior, with a life stage factor of 1.4, I will measure the kcals as follows: 37.2 (click Xy on the calculator). 75 kcals per day = 15.06 x 70 = 1054 x 1.4 = 1476 kcals per day.
Royal Canin Glycobalance pet food is a prescribed diet for an obese four-year-old diabetic cat to maintain blood glucose and a healthy weight. It is rich in fiber and helps keep the urinary system safe by avoiding struvite and calcium oxalate crystals (Sereno, 2014). It is the food I would prefer because it is designed for diabetic cats and has a higher amount of dietary fiber to keep the cat feeling fuller longer. I will measure the kcals for an obese cat weighing 11 pounds (5 kg) with the life stage factor of eight as follows: 5 (press Xy on a calculator) 75 = 3.34 x 70 = 233.8 x.8 = 187 calories a day.
References
Bassert, J. M. (2021). McCurnin's Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses E-Book. Elsevier health sciences.
Rudinsky, A. J., Howard, J. P., Bishop, M. A., Sherding, R. G., Parker, V. J., & Gilor, C. (2017). Dietary management of presumptive protein‐losing enteropathy in Yorkshire terriers. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 58(2), 103-108. Dietary management of presumptive protein‐losing enteropathy in Yorkshire terriers - Rudinsky - 2017 - Journal of Small Animal Practice - Wiley Online Library
Robin Sereno BS CVT VTS (SAIM). (2014, October 29). Managing complications in diabetic cats. Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://veterinaryteam.dvm360.com/managing-complications-diabetic-cats
Part Two
The cardiovascular system is in charge of transporting oxygen, blood, and nutrients to all body structures and tissues. It is the body's central nervous system. The cardiovascular system is comprised of the heart and all of the bloodstream (veins, arteries, and capillaries). The heart contracts to inject oxygenated blood through the lungs and then transport it to the capillaries.  Senior dogs are at risk of contracting heart failure. The ability of a heart to pump blood effectively declines with age (Miller & Gal, 2017). Heart valves, such as the mitral valve, gradually lose their elastic properties and deteriorate. When this occurs, blood begins to escape from the lungs. Chronic degenerative valvular disease is the most prevalent form of heart disease in senior pets.
There are three types of heart failure. Heart disorder may be found in class one, but the patient has no symptoms. The patient may have clinical symptoms in class two, but they are not yet negative. Exercise intolerance, a moderate cough, and mild fluid accumulation are some of the symptoms correlated with class two. On the other hand, Class three is associated with progressive cardiac failure, respiratory depression, elevated fluid intake, obesity, asthma, cachexia, and renal disease.
The importance of nutrition in cardiac health cannot be overstated. Senior pets are more prone to becoming obese and have heart failure since they are less active. Binge eating, for example, may cause obesity, which puts a burden on the heart, and excess weight can cause oxidative stress. The capacity of blood vessels to supply nutrients to the body's tissues is hampered by oxidative stress (Sándor et al., 2021). In a cat's diet, taurine is a vital amino acid. Dilated cardiomyopathy can occur in cats that are not given adequate taurine. In addition, many heart patients are given diuretics (Rauktis et al., 2017). Thus, it is good to increase potassium and magnesium since excessive urination will trigger low pet levels. Many pet food manufacturers provide senior pet food mixes that contain the recommended levels of nutrients and calories for a senior ...