Psychiatric Mental Health Portfolio for Clinical Practice

Table of Contents
NU670 Psychopharmacology and Health promotion Neurotransmitter Chart (Unit 2) Antipsychotics Chart (Unit 7)Antidepressants, Anxiolytics, & Mood Stabilizers Chart (Units 5, 6)Substance Use Resources (Chart links) (Units 11, 13, 14)Additional Resources List
Neurotransmitters Chart


Function (Excitatory or Inhibitory)

Locations

Receptors

Effects of Deficient

Effects of Surplus

Agonist Drug

Antagonist Drug

Acetylcholine

Excitatory

It occurs at the CNS as well as the junctions referred to as neuromuscular junctions

Nicotinic Muscarinic

It involves paralysis which isa symptom related to Alzheimer’s disease or any health problem resulting in memory impairment

With such deficiency, the individual can experience severe muscle spasms causing Parkinson’s symptoms

Apply Alzheimer’s medications such as Exelon; nicotine and Caffeine

Apply either nicotinic antagonist or atropine

Dopamine

Inhibitory
It results in the stimulation of the hypothalamus as well as reward pathways cognition

Hypothalamus

D1, D2, D3, D4, D5

Engagement in drug or substance abuse and the presence of Parkinson’s disease

Addiction to medication used to treat Schizophrenia

Amphetamine, cocaine, Parkinson's drugs

AMPT, other medication used as antipsychotics like Haldol

Endorphins

Inhibitory
They serve the function of opioids because they help in pain relief and the stimulation of positive emotions

Endorphins
When the body senses pain, the pituitary gland secretes endorphins, which have effects on the central nervous system as well as the peripheral neurological system. 

Endorphins
They are significant in inhibiting the transmission of the pain signals.

They include the possible addiction, high sensitivity to emotions alongside chronic back pain

Feeling confident and optimistic, high self-esteem, artificial highs, inadequate responses to pain

Heroin and morphine which are categorized under the opiate family of drugs

The occurrence of panic attacks alongside depressions needs the use of a morphine antagonist called the nalterxone

GABA

Inhibitory
Help in inhibiting the NS alongside offsetting the excitatory message which is significant in wake cycles’ regulation

Brain

Omega 1 & 2

Possible seizures, possible tremors, and anxiety

The possibility of diagnosing either sleep or eating disorders

Opiates, alcohol and benzodiazepines

Flumazenil and Ro 15-4513

Glutamate

Excitatory
They help in initiating memory potentiation in the long-term

Central nervous system

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA

Problems such as learning disabilities and memory issues

BP considered to be extremely high due to little GABA. Attributed to causing migraines because of brain overstimulation

D-cycloserine, domoic acid

Dizocilpine and Alzheimer’s drugs such as Namenda

Glycine

Excitatory
Significant in inhibiting signals

Both the brain stem and the spinal cord are affected

N-methyl-D-aspartate

They include, delayed protein formation, affecting the synthesizing of bile due to a reduction of the liver’s functionality and a possible weakening of the immune system

Possible elimination or reduction of mental stress, thus initiating high mental activity and mood improvement

Glycine Hypotaurine
Quisqualamine Sarcosine

Strychnine hydrochloride

Glutamate

Excitatory
Helpful in regulating both flight and fight responses

Adrenal medulla

Beta 1 & 2
Alpha 1 & 2

Depressive disorders

Heightened cases of anxiety

tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs, pseudoephedrine

AMPT, phentolamine

Serotonin

Inhibitory
Affects both the mood and emotions of an individual while causing arousal, lack of sleep alongside the regulating hunger

Gut and the CNS

5HT1C, 5HT1D, 5HT2

Anxiety, depressive disorders and OCD

Hallucinations, Autism disorder

SSRIs such as Zolofot alongside tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs

TPH inhibitors, and Atypical antipsychotics

Notes:
If the case of an antagonist, the drug is supposed to cause a decline in the overall effect of the neurotransmit...