From Native Americans to the U.S. Constitution

HIST 103 – 02
Spring 2022
Prof. 
Your Name:___________________________
MidermExam: From Native Americans to the U.S. Constitution
Exam to be posted Thursday, March 17, 2022
Due Tuesday, March 22, at 11:59 PM
Please type your answers on this document.
For section I, enter the letter of your choice on the line indicated.
For section II, type your short identification answer underneath the question.
For section III, type each of your three essays underneath the questions you are answering.
Submit the exam by posting this document —saved as a .doc, .docx, or .pdf file— to the assignment on Blackboard.
When you save the document, add your last name to the file name.
PART I: Multiple Choice
5 questions, 2 ½ points each
1 At the time of first contact with European colonizers, most Native Americans understood property rights as primarily relating to which of the following concepts?
1 Inheritance
2 Warfare
3 Active use
4 Native Americans did not believe in property
Your answer:__C______________
2 What was a motivating factor in the creation of colonies such as Maryland, Connecticut, and Rhode Island?
5 Sunshine
6 Religion
7 Wine
8 Anti-royal sentiments
Your answer:___B____________
3 What is the current estimate of the number of Africans forcibly relocated from Africa to the World?
9 500,000
10 1 to 2 million
10 to 12 million
At least 50 million
Your answer:__C______________
4 Bacon's Rebellion and King Phillip's War occurred at approximately the same time, in Virginia and Massachusetts, respectively. Both conflicts grew out of which of the following causes?
Rising taxes
Conflicts with Indians
Religious conflict
Desires for democracy
Your answer:__B______________
5 Why did King George III issue the Royal Proclamation of 1763 and limit settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains?
1 To limit wars with the French
2 To limit wars with Native Americans
3 To make it easier to collect taxes
4 All of the above
Your answer:__B______________
PART II: Short Identifications: Define the following terms in one to two sentences
5 questions, 2 ½ points each
1 Columbian Exchange;
Columbian exchange was the increasing transfer of various factors such as minerals, plants, technology, diseases, population, and culture between the New World and the Old World.
2 Pontiac’s War
An Indian war occurred between the years 1763-1764 against the rule of the British in the Great Lakes region.
3 Bacon’s Rebellion
It was an insurrection that emerged, pitting wealthy landowners against common residents of Virginia. The war emerged as a result of Nathaniel Bacon and the settler's revolt against aristocrats such as the political class, including the governor and owners of large tracks of land in 1667.
4 Great Awakening
It is a religious movement that was initiated in English colonies around 1730 and 1740 with the aim of emphasizing salvation and preaching the gospel at a time when secular rationalism had been taking center stage.
5 Currency Act
The currency act was passed by parliament in a bid to control the colony currency system as a result of shortages in the currency that could be used to undertake trade activities.
PART III: Essays
3 questions, 25 points each
Choose three of the following questions.
Answer each of your chosen questions in an essay of 600 – 1200 words (2 to 4 pages)
Choose any three of the following questions. Be sure to have a clear argument that you defend with relevant evidence. Organize your paper with a logical structure and use clear topic sentences and transitions to help your reader understand the logic of your organization. Edit your paper thoroughly to avoid errors and to improve readability. Give your paper a title that reflects your argument.
Use assigned readings for the course to support your arguments. Cite your sources, using author, chapter or article title, and the page number where available; or author, chapter and section numbers for The American Yawp.
Grading criteria:
1 Argument: 25% Does your paper have a clear, singular, specific argument that answers the question?
2 Evidence: 25% Do you use all of the relevant evidence to defend your argument?
3 Organization: 25% Does your paper have a logical structure and use clear topic sentences and transitions?
4 Clarity: 25% Is your prose efficient, crisp, and polished, free of excessive passive voice ordistracting spelling or grammatical errors?
1 What motivated exploration and colonization by different European nations?
2 What were some of the global effects of the colonization of the Americas? Elements to consider include economics, attitudes toward race, and philosophies.
3 Why did the Spanish, Dutch, French, and English treat Native peoples differently?
4 How did the use of slave labor develop in different parts of the Americas, and how did the lives of enslaved people vary in different areas?
5 What caused the Consumer Revolution, and how did it change American life?
6 How did Indian life change in the 18th century?
7 What factors led up to the American Revolution? What were some significant actions and motivations on both sides of the colonial relationship that contributed to the colonists declaring independence?
8 How radical was the American Revolution?
9 Was the United States founded as a Christian nation?
10 Was the Constitution pro-slavery or anti-slavery?
What were some of the roles that women played in support of the Revolution and the early republic?
Question 1
The Motivation of the Exploration and Colonization
The search for an alternative route to Asia was the primary reason for the exploration by European powers hence colonization. The world was undergoing economic positioning, and different territories raced to claim their places in the world economy. Even though Europe was considerably less endowed with economic resources as compared to other regions, its nations identified other strategies of claiming control, such as the use of their military and maritime prowess to conquer different regions. Finding a shorter route to Asia was one of their top priorities as it would enable them to effect trade and access different resources (Locke & Wright 2019, Chapter 1 Part III). The scramble to locate the route attracted massive investments from nations such as Portugal as well as Spain. Accessing Asia through a shorter route was vital as it would help in facilitating easier access to valuable resources through trade. At the time, various territories such as the Mongul and the Xing had made wide strides in various sectors hence were the main producers of various valuable commodities. Therefore, the nation that got to access Asia first through a shorter route would enjoy the benefit of acquiring new strategic economic partners. Furthermore, finding a route to Asia through an alternative sea route would be a great economic breakthrough as it would ensure European territories evaded interferences that marred trades routes on land across Asia as there were other rival empires that sabotaged the process. Each of them sent their most skilled sailors and explorer, such as Christopher Columbus of Spain. In their quest to find the routes, troops such as the Portuguese, who approached Asia by moving southwards around Africa, discovered a new landmass. According to them, what would later be named North and South America was a new world. The European powers fats developed a massive interest in the new world as a result of its rich natural resources and vastness of the land. In addition to that, the European powers were looking at a rather inferior population hence their motivation to attack.
Economic interests of European powers were in many ways a motivating factor for the colonization. Agriculture was a central consideration as feeding their respective populations was a vital aspect in securing prosperity. In order to achieve the objective, European powers such as the Spanish Empire needed vast tracks of land. According to Locke and Wright (2019), Chapter 1 Part III, the interest in agriculture would later play out du...