Regulation Of Other Hormones By The Pituitary Gland

Regulation of Other Hormones by the Pituitary Gland Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation  Regulation of Other Hormones by the Pituitary Gland The Pituitary Gland The pituitary gland, which is also referred to as hypophysis, is a pea-sized endocrine gland weighing approximately 0.5 grams that is located below the hypothalamus gland, which synthesizes and/or secretes hormones that help regulate blood pressure, growth, metabolism, among other functions. It is surrounded by a bony cavity referred to as the sella turcica. Notably, the gland has two lobes which produce hormones, namely the posterior and anterior lobes. The posterior lobe that is also known as the neurohypophysis, while the anterior lobe is also known as adenohypophysis. The anterior pituitary lobe synthesizes various hormones in its different cell types. These hormones control various processes in the body such as stress, lactation, growth, and reproduction (Barkhoudarian & Kelly, 2017). The posterior lobe is connected to the hypothalamus via the pituitary stalk (infundibulum). Hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland are synthesized in the hypothalamus. The two lobes are connected by an intermediate lobe. Hypothalamic hormones control the synthesis and secretion of hormones by the two lobes of the pituitary. The hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system (Tziaferi & Dattani, 2018). Hormones Released by the Pituitary Gland The anterior pituitary gland synthesizes and releases all the Releasing Hormones (RH) under the influence of hypothalamic hormones. The hormones released by the anterior pituitary can also be referred to as tropic hormones because they trigger other endocrine glands to grow and synthesize hormones of their own. The Human growth hormone (HGH) is released under the influence of the growth hormone-releasing hormone synthesized and secreted by the hypothalamus. The production of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) by the anterior pituitary gland is enthused by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which is a hypothalamic hormone. The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), also a hypothalamic hormone, triggers the the secretion of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the anterior pituitary gland. Follicle Stimulating hormone and Luteinizing hormone are both gonadotropes produced under the influence of the Gonadotropin-Releasing h...