MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT

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MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER TWO
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BY (NAME OF THE STUDENT)
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I. Introduction
Maintenance organization and control is very important in the long-term performance and effectiveness of any form of machinery and other related equipment. Any device would last long if the maintenance and directive check-ups are properly and regularly done. Many aspects of maintenance organization are thus central to the optimal functionality and effective use of the machinery. With the proper framework and device that are to be used in maintenance organization, the objective of keeping any machinery and any similar equipment functional and serviceable would be very easy.
In this chapter, discussions and review of literatures related to the subject of maintenance management and organization will be apprehended. In particular, I will be discussing types of maintenance services, its importance, and some definitions related to the matter. Each part of the chapter is central to the development of the thought and foundation of the thesis. Thus, in this chapter, specific literature will be used to further explain the dynamics and identify the significant terms relevant to the area of maintenance management.
II. Types of maintenance
Each and every form of technology requires maintenance at a certain time of its life. Maintenance refers to services given to a machine, computer or any type of technology to improve its performance and ensure that its productivity is not derailed. Maintenance has been classified into four groups: reactive, preventive, predictive and prevention. First, breakdown maintenance is done when equipment fails and needs to be repaired CITATION cmm08 \l 1033 (cmmsPRO 2008). This occurs when equipment failure does not lead to significant loss of productivity and does not generate huge losses apart from repairing cost. Second, preventive maintenance is carried out on a daily basis such as oiling, cleaning, inspection and retightening. The aim is to maintain healthy equipment by preventing deterioration through periodic inspection. This maintenance is further subdivided into periodic and predictive maintenance.
Periodic maintenance is time based service consisting of periodic inspection, cleaning and replacing broken parts to prevent sudden problems and failure. Predictive maintenance occurs where service life of certain parts is predicated through diagnosis and inspection. The latter is condition based maintenance as trend values are measured and analysed using a surveillance system. An online system is used to monitor performance of specific parts. Third, corrective maintenance is a service meant to improve the performance of equipment in order for preventive maintenance to be performed reliably CITATION cmm08 \l 1033 (cmmsPRO 2008). When the design of equipment has a problem, it has to be redesigned so that reliability and maintainability can be improved. Lastly, maintenance prevention is used to indicate the design of new equipment. Analysts first have to study the problems of a new machine. This will provide on-site information that will prevent failure and enhance easier prevention. When the defects are prevented, there will be an easier and safer manufacturing since reliability will be incorporated in the new equipment.
III. Maintenance organization
Maintenance organization refers to the processes and structures adopted by an organization after it plans its maintenance capacity. The types of maintenance stated above will be what the maintenance organization plans normally considered. Maintenance can also refer to a set of administrative, technical and managerial functions performed on a function, equipment or the organization as a whole. Maintenance management can be defined as processes and activities that lead and direct maintenance organization CITATION Ben09 \l 1033 (Ben-Daya, et al. 2009). In addition, activities that determine maintenance organization include maintenance priorities or objectives, strategies, and responsibilities. The major determinant of maintenance organization capacity is the level of decentralization or centralization that an organization adopts. Some of the issues that determine formation of maintenance organization`s structure include centralization v decentralization, capacity planning and in-house v outsourcing.
The role of maintenance capacity planning is to determine the amount of resources required for maintenance such as required administration, tools, craft, equipment, and space (Duffuaa 1999). These requirements are necessary for maintenance load to be executed effectively and for the goals of maintenance department to be met. It is challenging to determine the exact number of craftsmen that are required to effectively carry out maintenance since the work load is usually uncertain. This implies that accurate forecast for future workload is important to determine the maintenance capacity. For the manpower to be effectively utilized, organizations minimize the number of craftsmen below the expected requirements.
The second component affecting maintenance organization is Centralization v Decentralization. For maintenance organization to be organized in a centralized, decentralized or hybrid system mainly depends on philosophy, size of the plant, maintenance load and the skills of the craftsmen (Duffuaa 1999). There are several advantages of centralization. First, there is increased flexibility and utilization of resources leading to increased efficiency. Second, there is increased efficient line supervision and efficiency in job training. Third, the method allows the organization to purchase modern equipment that is more effective and durable. The limitation of centralization is that there is less utilization of craftsmen due to more time of getting to and from job site.
In the process, there is an increased difficulty in craft supervision leading to less achievement of maintenance control. In most times, departments are assigned to different units or areas when it comes to decentralized maintenance organization. In such a system, there is reduced flexibility in the entire maintenance system CITATION Ben09 \l 1033 (Ben-Daya, et al. 2009). This happens because a wide range of skills as well as utilization of resources is reduced making the system less effective than centralized maintenance. A system where centralized and decentralized systems are utilized by an organization is known as hybrid system. This cascade system implies that an organization will be able to accrue the benefits of the two maintenance systems.
Lastly, there is the In-house v Outsourcing maintenance organization. The management evaluates and determines maintenance capacity needed by the organization. In-house is usually composed of directly hired individuals. A combination of both systems can sometimes be ...