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Cultural basis is the major source of conflicts in the revolutionized world.

Essay Instructions:

Write an academic essay on a topic of your choice that engages three sources—at least two of which should come from P2 (Huntington, Said, and/or Bilgrami). By looking at an exhibit* of your choice through the interaction that you orchestrate and moderate among the sources, your essay will further the intellectual “conversation.” We use the metaphor of conversation because you will listen to what other academics are saying (by close reading texts), acknowledge and consider the meaning of what they say (their claims, passages, and concepts), and state and reflect upon your own responses to what’s been said ( your claims and observations that emerge from putting others in conversation).

In the first progression, you considered a passage from one writer’s essay and leveraged its claims and methods to construct an intellectual problem and argument of your own. In this essay, you will use those skills—and also build on them. Instead of a selected passage serving as your exhibit, you will analyze an external exhibit. You will do this by employing the use of other sources, to see what ideas, arguments or insights emerge from the interaction of their key concepts. In other words, you are using the interaction of multiple sources to interpret an exhibit. You’ll investigate your sources in relation to each other and in relation to your exhibit.

This assignment will allow you the opportunity to practice a very common form of academic writing: advancing a point of view or argument based on the work of other academics, and transporting that work to a next context. So much of academic writing is a continuum, a further exploration of ideas that have already been articulated; this essay is meant to encourage you to enter the ongoing discussion between academics.

Important: This essay will help you practice your skills at examining brief passages and providing context—what is a writer saying, and what is he or she implying but not saying explicitly—and use quotations, paraphrase, and summary to maximum effect.

*An “exhibit” can be a text, an event, a performance, a speech, an image, or anything that can be interpreted and carries the potential for rich analysis. We use the term “exhibit” rather than “example” to connote a site of sustained and expansive engagement. While an example merely affirms an argument, an exhibit is dynamic; indeed, the exhibit itself may raise problems with our status quo understanding. Through careful analysis, our developing ideas about the exhibit may change or challenge our initial assumptions.

The paper should be 1500-2000 words long (include a word count at the end of each draft). Goals:

1

● Continue to work on the goals from the first assignment: using the introduction to orient the reader and identify a textual problem; formulating a strong claim; establishing a motive; maintaining a coherent structure; using evidence fairly and persuasively.

● Integrate your sources with deliberation and purpose. The sources can be used to establish the motive, provide key terms, support your claim, or argue with other interpretations. Document sources using the MLA in-text citation method. Include a works cited page. Practice ICE: introduce, cite, explain. At least two of the sources should come from the second progression.

● Have cohesion and coherence in your prose on the sentence level and on the paragraph level. Your diction should be precise. Avoid clichés of language and clichés of thought.

● Have an interesting and informative title.

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Cultural basis is the major source of conflicts in the revolutionized world.
Cultural characteristics are the major sources of conflicts in modern society. People from different countries have risen against each other with rivalry. Could the different levels of civilization be triggering the disputes? Samuel P. Huntington: The Clash of Civilizations, emphasizes that countries have indulged each other in conflicts to protect their respective cultural characteristics. The journal published in 1993 by the COUNCIL on FOREIGN RELATIONS shows that nations are continuously fighting to protect what they believe in from a cultural perspective. However, although the countries may not be aware, the conflicts do protect not only their cultural ideas but also other aspects like economic expansion. The extra benefits are gained when civilizations with similar cultures work together in engagements like economic regionalism, leading to the establishment of their specific countries and the entire region. On the other hand, Edward W. Said in the CLASH OF IGNORANCE, emphasizes and explains more on Huntington’s work. This article published in The Nation newspaper on 22nd October 2001 brings out the major theme of Huntington’s work, “It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic” (Said, 11). Civilizations have got another basis for most of their involvement in conflicts. Knowing and realizing the importance of cultural characteristics enhances civilization-consciousness, pushing countries into disputes with each for the establishment of these ideas. Therefore, the primary source of global conflicts is cultural-based since the civilizations emerging in evolution believe they cannot change who they are but can comprise other aspects like political and economic ideologies.
Revolution induces many changes and aspects in the affected settings, and conflict is a primary aspect of the global evolution. Huntington (22) argues that conflict between civilizations will crown the latest phase of global evolution to modernity. Although the different countries will have achieved and adopted much in modern developments, they will still fight over believes and norms. Most of the historical fights occurred due to a misunderstanding between leaders such as princes and monarchies (Huntington, 23). However, modernization has changed the effect of global conflicts on the nations as all the people are involved in protecting their ideas. The difference originates from the aim of the conflict. While the leaders could fight for issues such as the expansion of their territories, the people in different countries are fighting for culturally-based biases like equality in aspects such as gender (Said, 11). Revolution raised the platform for people to understand themselves and fight for what they own irrespective of the challenges like counteracting more developed and superior countries. Besides, they are equipped with significant civilization levels though they may not be in the same position as the rival. What matters in the conflict between civilizations is the idea triggering the fight and not issues like economic development.
The countries in the revolutionized world would fight to correct past faults against the people involved. Evolution enables people to accept themselves by understanding that vital changes come through working on the drawbacks, entangling them to the past and current failures. “The fault lines between civilizations will be the battle lines of the future” (Said, 11). The major cause of the fight is the fault that has lived with the people, not because they did not know of its existence but possibly because they did not know to change the situation. Thus, the revolutions in modern politics and civilization create awareness. The people in various countries know how well to solve past faults like racism that may affect their present (Huntington, 22). Cultural issues such as racism are passed to incoming generations, and people being undermined based on their skin color are sure their children would have a similar experience since the other race is building the basis in their children. Thus, evolution has enhanced civilization in the inferior termed countries, preparing them adequately for severe battles towards their recognition in society (Said, 13). On the other hand, the countries inducing the faults are also embracing civilization, meaning they will dispute change. Therefore, the disagreement results in conflicts.
The desire to realize importance of identities yields conflicts as every identity fight for dominance and recognition of its civilization. Thus, the conflicts must have an origin, and acceptance of the identities by each other is a primary cause. According to Huntington (25), the differences in various civilizations are not only real but also basic to the members. Knowing the significance of these variations explains the clashes between different civilizations. Said, (12) argues that the most important aspect of differentiating civilizations is religion. While people in different civilizations accord their religions great honor, they may not consider the significance of the other religions. Religion is a belief in the aspect of having faith in a certain superior being. “As people define their identity in ethnic and religious terms, they are likely to see an “us” versus “them” relation existing between themselves and people of different ethnicity or religion. (Huntington, 27). What would stop people from fighting for the respect and acceptance of their religion? Besides, the religions’ preparatory keeps them moving, and the...
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