Metabolic Syndrome: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Management
Metabolic syndrome is a problem among adolescents and symptoms of this disorder include hypertension, glucose intolerance, low HDL cholesterol, and obesity. According to the American Heart Association , “people with the metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of coronary heart disease and other diseases related to plaque buildups in artery walls … and type 2 diabetes.” It is currently estimated that over 50 million people in the US have metabolic syndrome.
A research has found that metabolic syndrome is related to two lifestyle factors that are actually alterable: obesity and lack of exercise. This is based on their study on 389 children aged 7 to 10 years old. They observed that adolescents with metabolic syndrome were 5 times less physically active and 6 times less likely to engage in aerobic exercise than those who don’t have the syndrome. They also found out that almost 5% of the children they studied develop metabolic syndrome within 7 years of their study. Based on these findings, they suggest that we parents should encourage our kids to be more active and physically fit, thus preventing metabolic syndrome. They also recommend that physical fitness should start as early as possible so that our kids will get the early protection.
Metabolic Syndrome Research
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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic conditions characterized by hypertension, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. These MetS components could exacerbate the risk of developing cardiovascular illnesses, diabetes, and stroke, especially when the patient does not seek medical intervention (Yang et al., 2022). Cardiovascular diseases constitute the leading global mortality and morbidity caused, so research on MetS is increasingly paramount. Research indicates that MetS can be triggered by various factors, including but not limited to physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy sleeping and nutritional patterns (Marcias et al., 2021). This report evaluates existing evidence on MetS to establish critical insights about the illness, such as prevalence, pathophysiology, and management.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicates that the United States (US) recorded a 35 percent upsurge in MetS incidence since the term was coined in the 1980s to 2012. The prevalence of MetS corresponds to that of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Approximately 85 percent of diabetic patients have developed MetS, increasing their risk of cardiovascular illnesses (Fahed et al., 2022). Roughly 12.2 percent of adult Americans had T2DM as of 2017 (Fahed et al., 2022). About a quarter of this population did not recognize that they had the illness. As expected, MetS incidence was threefold higher, indicating that one in every three adult Americans had the disease (Fahed et al., 2022). This point to the need for healthcare providers to develop a community education program to increase awareness about risk factors and clinical manifestations of MetS.
Regarding pathophysiology, MetS comprise multiple complex dynamics that are not well-established in scholarly contexts. Whether MetS diverse elements independently constitute distinct pathologies or are under a standard, the more comprehensive pathogenic process is still controversial. Apart from epigenetic and genetic variables, environmental and lifestyle factors, such as a sedentary lifestyle and overeating, are significant drivers of MetS development (Marcias et al., 2021). In addition, a causative factor ca...